Investigation of Riblet Geometry and Start Locations of Herringbone Riblets on Pressure Losses in a Linear Cascade at Low Reynolds Numbers

In this paper, the effects of an array of herringbone riblets with different riblet geometry (height and spacing) and start locations on the pressure losses in a cascade of diffuser blades are investigated over a range of low Reynolds numbers (0.50 × 10⁵–1.00 × 10⁵). The herringbone riblets with a given geometry are found to produce a profound modification to the wake structure above certain critical Reynolds numbers. It is also found that within the range of parameters tested an increase in riblet height and riblet spacing results in an onset of significant control effect at a lower Reynolds number, which is accompanied by a slight reduction in zone-averaged loss coefficient and flow turning angle. An upstream shift of the start position of the riblet array along the blades enables the riblets to become effective at a lower Reynolds number at the expense of a reduced loss reduction and flow turning angle. A semi-empirical relationship between the ratio of riblet height to local baseline boundary layer displacement thickness and the critical Reynolds number is established using the present experimental data. A preliminary methodology for designing the herringbone riblets to ensure an effective control of 2D flow separations around the mid-span of diffuser blades over a specified range of Reynolds numbers is also proposed.