Simulation Research of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Carbon Dioxide in Microchannel Evaporator

In this paper, the simulation model of two-dimensional (2D) distribution parameter of a CO₂ microchannel evaporator was developed using the finite element method. The simulation model of the CO₂ microchannel evaporator was written using matlab both considering the dry and wet conditions on air side, and different heat transfer characteristics of CO₂ in two-phase region and overheated region. The experimental and simulation results in terms of CO₂ temperature, wall temperature, inlet and outlet air temperatures, and convective heat transfer coefficient were compared. The simulation results have the same tendency with the experimental correlation results. The convective heat transfer efficient increases with the growth of CO₂ inlet dryness, mass flow rate and air speed, while decreases along with the increase of evaporation pressure in two-phase region. The dry-out point appears earlier with larger CO₂ inlet dryness, and higher air temperature, humidity and speed; however, it appears later with the increasing evaporation pressure and mass flow rate. The convective heat transfer coefficient at the dry-out point decreases dramatically due to the deteriorated heat transfer at this position, which indicates the necessity to prevent or retard the appearance of dry-out point.