Abstract
Core–sheath electrospinning is a rapid microfabrication process for creating multilayer polymer microfibers. This paper presents a process based on core–sheath electrospinning to fabricate poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) microtubes with nanopores on the tube wall. The morphology of the microtubes mimics human fenestrated capillary vessels. This study investigates the effects of the viscosities of the core and the sheath solutions on the microtube outer diameter and the nanopore size. The core solution shows a dominating influence on the microtube diameter. At the same core solution viscosity level, the microtube diameter is negatively correlated to the core-to-sheath viscosity ratio. The pore size is positively correlated to the microtube diameter. Understanding the effects of solution viscosity on microtube morphology is the prerequisite for process control and microtube product development for future biomedical applications.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
References:
1.
Sill
,
T. J.
, and
Von Recum
,
H. A.
, 2008
, “
Electrospinning: Applications in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering
,” Biomaterials
,
29
(13
), pp. 1989
–2006
.10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.01.0112.
Hu
,
X.
,
Liu
,
S.
,
Zhou
,
G.
,
Huang
,
Y.
,
Xie
,
Z.
, and
Jing
,
X.
, 2014
, “
Electrospinning of Polymeric Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Applications
,” J. Controlled Release
,
185
, pp. 12
–21
.10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.0183.
Zeng
,
J.
,
Xu
,
X.
,
Chen
,
X.
,
Liang
,
Q.
,
Bian
,
X.
,
Yang
,
L.
, and
Jing
,
X.
, 2003
, “
Biodegradable Electrospun Fibers for Drug Delivery
,” J. Controlled Release
,
92
(3
), pp. 227
–231
.10.1016/S0168-3659(03)00372-94.
Kenawy
,
E.-R.
,
Abdel-Hay
,
F. I.
,
El-Newehy
,
M. H.
, and
Wnek
,
G. E.
, 2009
, “
Processing of Polymer Nanofibers Through Electrospinning as Drug Delivery Systems
,” Nanomaterials: Risks and Benefits
,
Springer
,
Dordrecht, The Netherlands
, pp. 247
–263
.5.
Wang
,
B.
,
Wang
,
Y.
,
Yin
,
T.
, and
Yu
,
Q.
, 2010
, “
Applications of Electrospinning Technique in Drug Delivery
,” Chem. Eng. Commun.
,
197
(10
), pp. 1315
–1338
.10.1080/009864410036259976.
Yang
,
Y.
,
Xia
,
T.
,
Zhi
,
W.
,
Wei
,
L.
,
Weng
,
J.
,
Zhang
,
C.
, and
Li
,
X.
, 2011
, “
Promotion of Skin Regeneration in Diabetic Rats by Electrospun Core-Sheath Fibers Loaded With Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor
,” Biomaterials
,
32
(18
), pp. 4243
–4254
.10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.02.0427.
Mickova
,
A.
,
Buzgo
,
M.
,
Benada
,
O.
,
Rampichova
,
M.
,
Fisar
,
Z.
,
Filova
,
E.
,
Tesarova
,
M.
,
Lukas
,
D.
, and
Amler
,
E.
, 2012
, “
Core/Shell Nanofibers With Embedded Liposomes as a Drug Delivery System
,” Biomacromolecules
,
13
(4
), pp. 952
–962
.10.1021/bm20181188.
Li
,
J.-J.
,
Yang
,
Y.-Y.
,
Yu
,
D.-G.
,
Du
,
Q.
, and
Yang
,
X.-L.
, 2018
, “
Fast Dissolving Drug Delivery Membrane Based on the Ultra-Thin Shell of Electrospun Core-Shell Nanofibers
,” Eur. J. Pharm. Sci.
,
122
, pp. 195
–204
.10.1016/j.ejps.2018.07.0029.
Shekh
,
M. I.
,
Patel
,
K. P.
, and
Patel
,
R. M.
, 2018
, “
Electrospun ZnO Nanoparticles Doped Core–Sheath Nanofibers: Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties
,” J. Polym. Environ.
,
26
(12
), pp. 4376
–4387
.10.1007/s10924-018-1310-810.
Zhou
,
Y.
,
Sooriyaarachchi
,
D.
, and
Tan
,
G. Z.
, 2021
, “
Fabrication of Nanopores Polylactic Acid Microtubes by Core-Sheath Electrospinning for Capillary Vascularization
,” Biomimetics
,
6
(1
), p. 15
.10.3390/biomimetics601001511.
Zhou
,
Y.
, and
Tan
,
G. Z.
, 2020
, “
Core–Sheath Wet Electrospinning of Nanoporous Polycaprolactone Microtubes to Mimic Fenestrated Capillaries
,” Macromol. Mater. Eng.
,
305
(7
), p. 2000180
.10.1002/mame.20200018012.
Mahalingam
,
S.
,
Homer-Vanniasinkam
,
S.
, and
Edirisinghe
,
M.
, 2019
, “
Novel Pressurised Gyration Device for Making Core-Sheath Polymer Fibres
,” Mater. Des.
,
178
, p. 107846
.10.1016/j.matdes.2019.10784613.
Yu
,
E.
,
Mi
,
H.‐Y.
,
Zhang
,
J.
,
Thomson
,
J. A.
, and
Turng
,
L.‐S.
, 2018
, “
Development of Biomimetic Thermoplastic Polyurethane/Fibroin Small‐Diameter Vascular Grafts Via a Novel Electrospinning Approach
,” J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A
,
106
(4
), pp. 985
–996
.10.1002/jbm.a.3629714.
He
,
S.
,
Xia
,
T.
,
Wang
,
H.
,
Wei
,
L.
,
Luo
,
X.
, and
Li
,
X.
, 2012
, “
Multiple Release of Polyplexes of Plasmids VEGF and bFGF From Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds Towards Regeneration of Mature Blood Vessels
,” Acta Biomater.
,
8
(7
), pp. 2659
–2669
.10.1016/j.actbio.2012.03.04415.
Nezarati
,
R. M.
,
Eifert
,
M. B.
, and
Cosgriff-Hernandez
,
E.
, 2013
, “
Effects of Humidity and Solution Viscosity on Electrospun Fiber Morphology
,” Tissue Eng. Part C Methods
,
19
(10
), pp. 810
–819
.10.1089/ten.tec.2012.067116.
Díaz
,
J. E.
,
Barrero
,
A.
,
Márquez
,
M.
, and
Loscertales
,
I. G.
, 2006
, “
Controlled Encapsulation of Hydrophobic Liquids in Hydrophilic Polymer Nanofibers by co‐Electrospinning
,” Adv. Funct. Mater.
,
16
(16
), pp. 2110
–2116
.10.1002/adfm.20060020417.
Tiwari
,
S. K.
, and
Venkatraman
,
S. S.
, 2012
, “
Importance of Viscosity Parameters in Electrospinning: Of Monolithic and Core–Shell Fibers
,” Mater. Sci. Eng. C
,
32
(5
), pp. 1037
–1042
.10.1016/j.msec.2012.02.01918.
Beachley
,
V.
, and
Wen
,
X.
, 2009
, “
Effect of Electrospinning Parameters on the Nanofiber Diameter and Length
,” Mater. Sci. Eng. C
,
29
(3
), pp. 663
–668
.10.1016/j.msec.2008.10.03719.
Dayal
,
P.
,
Liu
,
J.
,
Kumar
,
S.
, and
Kyu
,
T.
, 2007
, “
Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Porous Structure Formation in Electrospun Fibers
,” Macromolecules
,
40
(21
), pp. 7689
–7694
.10.1021/ma071418l20.
Soliman
,
S.
,
Sant
,
S.
,
Nichol
,
J. W.
,
Khabiry
,
M.
,
Traversa
,
E.
, and
Khademhosseini
,
A.
, 2011
, “
Controlling the Porosity of Fibrous Scaffolds by Modulating the Fiber Diameter and Packing Density
,” J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A
,
96A
(3
), pp. 566
–574
.10.1002/jbm.a.33010Copyright © 2021 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
