Many mathematical models based on the advanced theory of bending to predict bending characteristics for monolithic sheet materials are available in the literature. In this work, a similar approach is utilized to develop bending models for a bilayer laminated sheet material. The principal stresses and strains through the thickness and change in relative thickness, at specified bend curvatures, are obtained as a function of increasing curvature during bending. Additionally, three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) based models for bilayer laminate bending are developed to overcome simplifications of the analytical models. In order to experimentally validate the two models, a new experimental bend test-jig is developed and experiments are performed on bilayer steel–aluminum laminate for different clad to matrix thickness ratios. These experiments have enabled continuous measurements of strain along the width at the bend line and through the laminate thickness at one of the specimen edges using an online strain mapping system based on digital image correlation (DIC) method. Analytical model results indicate how the through-thickness strain distribution and relative thickness of the specimen in bending are influenced by the location and thickness of the soft clad material. The FE model and experimental results exhibit similar trends in the relative thickness change for different geometric arrangements of steel–aluminum layers. The tangential and radial stresses decrease in magnitude with increasing aluminum clad thickness ratios. The 3D FE model of laminate bending provided strain predictions across the specimen width at the bend line on the tension and compression sides that increased with increasing clad thickness ratios. Also, relative thickness data from the 3D FE model showed uniaxial and plane strain stress states at the edge and midwidth sections of the test specimen. The results from analytical and FE models and from DIC and microscopic thickness measurements indicate that thickness at the bend line increases with increasing clad thickness for the case of clad layer on the compressive side of the laminate (i.e., C-C case) and vice versa for clad layer on the tensile side (C-T).
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July 2016
Research-Article
Modeling and Experimental Assessment of Bending Characteristics of Laminated Bilayer Sheet Materials
Ganesh Govindasamy,
Ganesh Govindasamy
Forming Technologies Incorporated,
3370, South Service Road,
Burlington, ON L7N 3M6,
Canada e-mail: govindgn@mcmaster.ca
3370, South Service Road,
Burlington, ON L7N 3M6,
Canada e-mail: govindgn@mcmaster.ca
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Mukesh K. Jain
Mukesh K. Jain
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
McMaster University,
JHE 326G,
1280 Main Street West,
Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada
e-mail: jainmk@mcmaster.ca
McMaster University,
JHE 326G,
1280 Main Street West,
Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada
e-mail: jainmk@mcmaster.ca
Search for other works by this author on:
Ganesh Govindasamy
Forming Technologies Incorporated,
3370, South Service Road,
Burlington, ON L7N 3M6,
Canada e-mail: govindgn@mcmaster.ca
3370, South Service Road,
Burlington, ON L7N 3M6,
Canada e-mail: govindgn@mcmaster.ca
Mukesh K. Jain
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
McMaster University,
JHE 326G,
1280 Main Street West,
Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada
e-mail: jainmk@mcmaster.ca
McMaster University,
JHE 326G,
1280 Main Street West,
Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada
e-mail: jainmk@mcmaster.ca
Contributed by the Materials Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY. Manuscript received August 29, 2015; final manuscript received March 3, 2016; published online May 13, 2016. Assoc. Editor: Huiling Duan.
J. Eng. Mater. Technol. Jul 2016, 138(3): 031014 (18 pages)
Published Online: May 13, 2016
Article history
Received:
August 29, 2015
Revised:
March 3, 2016
Citation
Govindasamy, G., and Jain, M. K. (May 13, 2016). "Modeling and Experimental Assessment of Bending Characteristics of Laminated Bilayer Sheet Materials." ASME. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. July 2016; 138(3): 031014. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4033283
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