Drop-on-demand (DOD) microdroplet jetting technology has diverse applications ranging from additive manufacturing (AM) and the integrated circuit (IC) industry to cell printing. An engineering model of droplet formation can provide insights for optimizing the process and ensuring its controllability and reproducibility. This paper reports a development of an engineering model on the fluid outflow and microdroplet formation based on alternating viscous-inertial force jetting (AVIFJ). The model provides a fundamental understanding on the mechanism of droplet formation driven by the alternating viscous force and inetial force. Furthermore, the model studies the fluid acceleration, velocity, and displacement under the conditions of a uniform cylindrical nozzle and a nonuniform cylindrical nozzle. In conjunction with an energy-based criterion for droplet formation, the model is applied to predict the formability of single microdroplets and the volume and velocity of formed microdroplets. A series of experiments was conducted to validate the developed model. The results show that the model predictions agree well with the experimental results. Specifically, comparing the model prediction and experimental results, the maximum difference of drop diameter is 4 μm, and the maximum difference of drop velocity is 0.3 m/s. These results suggest that the developed theoretical model will provide guidance to the subsequent cell printing applications.
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January 2017
Research-Article
Modeling on Microdroplet Formation for Cell Printing Based on Alternating Viscous-Inertial Force Jetting
Long Zhao,
Long Zhao
Biomanufacturing Engineering Research Center,
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Search for other works by this author on:
Karen Chang Yan,
Karen Chang Yan
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
The College of New Jersey,
Ewing, NJ 08628
The College of New Jersey,
Ewing, NJ 08628
Search for other works by this author on:
Rui Yao,
Rui Yao
Biomanufacturing Engineering Research Center,
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Search for other works by this author on:
Feng Lin,
Feng Lin
Biomanufacturing Engineering Research Center,
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Search for other works by this author on:
Wei Sun
Wei Sun
Biomanufacturing Engineering Research Center,
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China;
Beijing 100084, China;
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Drexel University,
Philadelphia, PA 19104
e-mails: weisun@tsinghua.edu.cn, sunwei@drexel.edu
Drexel University,
Philadelphia, PA 19104
e-mails: weisun@tsinghua.edu.cn, sunwei@drexel.edu
Search for other works by this author on:
Long Zhao
Biomanufacturing Engineering Research Center,
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Karen Chang Yan
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
The College of New Jersey,
Ewing, NJ 08628
The College of New Jersey,
Ewing, NJ 08628
Rui Yao
Biomanufacturing Engineering Research Center,
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Feng Lin
Biomanufacturing Engineering Research Center,
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China
Wei Sun
Biomanufacturing Engineering Research Center,
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Mechanical Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China;
Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing,
Beijing 100084, China;
Beijing 100084, China;
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Drexel University,
Philadelphia, PA 19104
e-mails: weisun@tsinghua.edu.cn, sunwei@drexel.edu
Drexel University,
Philadelphia, PA 19104
e-mails: weisun@tsinghua.edu.cn, sunwei@drexel.edu
1Co-corresponding authors.
Manuscript received February 4, 2015; final manuscript received January 11, 2016; published online August 9, 2016. Assoc. Editor: Yong Huang.
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. Jan 2017, 139(1): 011005 (10 pages)
Published Online: August 9, 2016
Article history
Received:
February 4, 2015
Revised:
January 11, 2016
Citation
Zhao, L., Yan, K. C., Yao, R., Lin, F., and Sun, W. (August 9, 2016). "Modeling on Microdroplet Formation for Cell Printing Based on Alternating Viscous-Inertial Force Jetting." ASME. J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. January 2017; 139(1): 011005. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4032768
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