Additive manufacturing (AM) has had an enormous impact on the manufacturing sector. Its role has evolved from printing prototypes to manufacturing functional parts for a variety of applications in the automotive, aerospace, and medical industries. Recently, AM processes have also been applied in the infrastructure construction industry. Applications of AM processes could bring in significant improvements in infrastructure construction, specifically in the areas of productivity and safety. It is desirable to have a review on the current state of emerging AM processes for infrastructure construction and existing gaps in this field. This paper reviews the AM processes in infrastructure construction. It discusses the process principle, application examples, and gaps for each of the AM processes.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
References
1.
Conner
, B. P.
, Manogharan
, G. P.
, Martof
, A. N.
, Rodomsky
, L. M.
, Rodomsky
, C. M.
, Jordan
, D. C.
, and Limperos
, J. W.
, 2014
, “Making Sense of 3-D Printing: Creating a Map of Additive Manufacturing Products and Services
,” Addit. Manuf.
, 1
, pp. 64
–76
. 2.
Berman
, B.
, 2012
, “3-D Printing: The New Industrial Revolution
,” Bus. Horiz.
, 55
(2
), pp. 155
–162
. 3.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
, 2018
, 3D Printed Shelby Cobra
. OAK Ridge National Laboratory
, https://web.ornl.gov/sci/manufacturing/shelby/, Accessed July, 3, 2018.4.
Espalin
, D.
, Muse
, D. W.
, MacDonald
, E.
, and Wicker
, R. B.
, 2014
, “3D Printing Multifunctionality: Structures With Electronics
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
, 72
(5–8
), pp. 963
–978
. 5.
Macdonald
, E.
, Salas
, R.
, Espalin
, D.
, Perez
, M.
, Aguilera
, E.
, Muse
, D.
, and Wicker
, R. B.
, 2014
, “3D Printing for the Rapid Prototyping of Structural Electronics
,” IEEE Access.
, 2
, pp. 234
–242
. 6.
Parthasarathy
, J.
, Starly
, B.
, and Raman
, S.
, 2011
, “A Design for the Additive Manufacture of Functionally Graded Porous Structures With Tailored Mechanical Properties for Biomedical Applications
,” J. Manuf. Process.
, 13
(2
), pp. 160
–170
. 7.
Heinl
, P.
, Müller
, L.
, Körner
, C.
, Singer
, R. F.
, and Müller
, F. A.
, 2008
, “Cellular Ti–6Al–4V Structures With Interconnected Macro Porosity for Bone Implants Fabricated by Selective Electron Beam Melting
,” Acta Biomater.
, 4
(5
), pp. 1536
–1544
. 8.
Caffrey
, T.
, Wohlers
, T.
, and Campbell
, R. I.
, 2016
, “Wohlers Report 2016
,” Wohlers Associates, Inc.
, Fort Collins, CO
.9.
Construction Intelligence Center
, 2015
, “Global Construction Outlook 2020
.”10.
International Labour Organization
, 2005
, “Facts on Safety at Work
,” International Labour Official Technical Report.11.
NIST
, 2011
, “Metrics and Tools for Construction Productivity Project
,” https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/metrics-and-tools-construction-productivity-project, Accessed December 3, 2018.12.
Nasir
, H.
, Ahmed
, H.
, Haas
, C.
, and Goodrum
, P. M.
, 2014
, “An Analysis of Construction Productivity Differences Between Canada and the United States
,” Constr. Manag. Econ.
, 32
(6
), pp. 595
–607
. 13.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
, 2017
, “2016 U.S. Employment by Major Industry Sector
,” https://www.bls.gov/emp/ep_table_201.htm, Accessed Deceember 18, 2017.14.
Bureau of Economic Analysis
, 2016
, “Gross Domestic Product by Industry: First Quarter 2016
,” https://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/industry/gdpindustry/2016/gdpind116.htm, Accessed December 18, 2017.15.
Economic Development Research Group Inc.
, 2016
, Failure to Act: Closing the Infrastructure Investment Gap for America’s Economic Future
, American Society of Civil Engineers
, Reston, VA
.16.
National Academy of Engineering (NAE)
, 2008
, “NAE Grand Challenges for Engineering
,” http://engineeringchallenges.org/9136.aspx, Accessed April 20, 2018.17.
Lab
, R.
, 2007
, “Think Formwork—Reduce Costs
,” Struct. Magazine
, pp. 14
–16
.18.
Wangler
, T.
, Lloret
, E.
, Reiter
, L.
, Hack
, N.
, Gramazio
, F.
, and Kohler
, M.
, 2016
, “Digital Concrete: Opportunities and Challenges
,” RILEM Technical Letters
, 1
, pp. 67
–75
. http://letters.rilem.net/index.php/rilem/article/view/1619.
Bukkapatnam
, S.
, Mander
, J.
, Paal
, S.
, Pei
, Z.
, and Zeng
, L.
, 2017
, “Workshop Report—NSF Workshop on Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing) for Civil Infrastructure Design and Construction
,” National Science Foundation (NSF)
, Alexandria, VA
.20.
University of Stuttgart
, 2018
, “New Cluster of Excellence: Integrative Computational Design and Construction for Architecture
,” Dtsch. Forschungsgemeinschaft
, http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?p=24111, Accessed November 2018.21.
Swiss National Science Foundation
, 2014
, “National Center for Competence in Research-Digital Fabrication
,” http://www.snf.ch/en/researchinFocus/nccr/digital-fabrication/Pages/default.aspx, Accessed November 2018.22.
The Future of Construction
, 2016
, WinSun
. https://futureofconstruction.org/case/winsun/, Accessed July, 2018.23.
Perkins
, I.
, and Skitmore
, M.
, 2015
, “Three-Dimensional Printing in the Construction Industry: A Review
,” Int. J. Constr. Manag.
, 15
(1
), pp. 1
–9
. 24.
Bos
, F.
, Wolfs
, R.
, Ahmed
, Z.
, and Salet
, T.
, 2016
, “Additive Manufacturing of Concrete in Construction: Potentials and Challenges of 3D Concrete Printing
,” Virtual Phys. Prototyp.
, 11
(3
), pp. 209
–225
. 25.
Tay
, Y. W. D.
, Panda
, B.
, Paul
, S. C.
, Noor Mohamed
, N. A.
, Tan
, M. J.
, and Leong
, K. F.
, 2017
, “3D Printing Trends in Building and Construction Industry: A Review
,” Virtual Phys. Prototyp.
, 12
(3
), pp. 261
–276
. 26.
Wu
, P.
, Wang
, J.
, and Wang
, X.
, 2016
, “A Critical Review of the Use of 3-D Printing in the Construction Industry
,” Autom. Constr.
, 68
, pp. 21
–31
. 27.
Labonnote
, N.
, Rønnquist
, A.
, Manum
, B.
, and Rüther
, P.
, 2016
, “Additive Construction: State-of-the-Art, Challenges and Opportunities
,” Autom. Constr.
, 72
, pp. 347
–366
. 28.
Lowke
, D.
, Dini
, E.
, Perrot
, A.
, Weger
, D.
, Gehlen
, C.
, and Dillenburger
, B.
, 2018
, “Cement and Concrete Research Particle-Bed 3D Printing in Concrete Construction—Possibilities and Challenges
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
, 112
, pp. 50
–65
. 29.
ASTM International
, 2015
, “Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing—General Principles—Terminology
,” ASTM International
, ISO/ASTM52900-15.30.
Khoshnevis
, B.
, and Dutton
, R.
, 1998
, “Innovative Rapid Prototyping Process Makes Large Sized, Smooth Surfaced Complex Shapes in a Wide Variety of Materials
,” Mater. Technol.
, 13
(2
), pp. 53
–56
. 31.
Zareiyan
, B.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2017
, “Interlayer Adhesion and Strength of Structures in Contour Crafting—Effects of Aggregate Size, Extrusion Rate, and Layer Thickness
,” Autom. Constr.
, 81
, pp. 112
–121
. 32.
Hwang
, D.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2005
, “An Innovative Construction Process-Contour Crafting
,” 22nd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
, Ferrara, Italy
, Sept. 11–14
. 33.
ASTM International
, 2016
, “Standard Specification for Mortar Cement BT—Standard Specification for Mortar Cement
,” ASTM International
34.
Hwang
, D.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2004
, “Concrete Wall Fabrication by Contour Crafting
,” 21st International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction.
, Jeju, Republic of Korea
, Sept. 21–25
, pp. 301
–307
. 35.
Lim
, S.
, Buswell
, R. A.
, Le
, T. T.
, Austin
, S. A.
, Gibb
, A. G. F.
, and Thorpe
, T.
, 2012
, “Developments in Construction-Scale Additive Manufacturing Processes
,” Autom. Constr.
, 21
(1
), pp. 262
–268
. 36.
Kwon
, H.
, Bukkapatnam
, S.
, Khoshnevis
, B.
, and Saito
, J.
, 2002
, “Effects of Orifice Shape in Contour Crafting of Ceramic Materials
,” Rapid Prototyp. J.
, 8
(3
), pp. 147
–160
. 37.
Khoshnevis
, B.
, Yuan
, X.
, Zahiri
, B.
, Zhang
, J.
, and Xia
, B.
, 2016
, “Construction by Contour Crafting Using Sulfur Concrete With Planetary Applications
,” Rapid Prototyp. J.
, 22
(5
), pp. 848
–856
. 38.
Bukkapatnam
, S.
, and Clark
, B.
, 2007
, “Dynamic Modeling and Monitoring of Contour Crafting—An Extrusion-Based Layered Manufacturing Process
,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.
, 129
(1
), p. 135
. 39.
Di Carlo
, T.
, 2012
, “Experimental and Numerical Techniques to Characterize Structural Properties of Fresh Concrete Relevant to Contour Crafting
,” Dissertation, University of Southern California
, Los Angeles, CA
.40.
Bukkapatnam
, S.
, Khoshnevis
, B.
, Kwon
, H.
, and Saito
, J.
, 2001
, “Experimental Investigation of Contour Crafting Using Ceramics Materials
,” Rapid Prototyp. J.
, 7
(1
), pp. 32
–42
. 41.
ASTM International
, 2018
, “Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates 1
,” ASTM International
, pp. 1
–8
.42.
Kazemian
, A.
, Yuan
, X.
, Cochran
, E.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2017
, “Cementitious Materials for Construction-Scale 3D Printing: Laboratory Testing of Fresh Printing Mixture
,” Constr. Build. Mater.
, 145
, pp. 639
–647
. 43.
Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2004
, “Automated Construction by Contour Crafting—Related Robotics and Information Technologies
,” Autom. Constr.
, 13
(1
), pp. 5
–19
. 44.
Kwon
, H.
, 2002
, “Experimentation and Analysis of Contour Crafting (CC) Process Using Uncured Ceramic Materials,” Dissertation
, University of Southern California
, Los Angeles, CA
.45.
Zhang
, J.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2013
, “Optimal Machine Operation Planning for Construction by Contour Crafting
,” Autom. Constr.
, 29
, pp. 50
–67
. 46.
Zhang
, J.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2010
, “Contour Crafting Process Plan Optimization Part I: Single-Nozzle Case
,” J. Ind. Syst. Eng.
, 4
(1
), pp. 33
–46
.47.
Zhang
, J.
, 2009
, Contour Crafting Process Planning and Optimization, Dissertation
, University of Southern California
, Los Angeles, CA
.48.
Yeh
, Z.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2009
, “Geometric Conformity Analysis for Automated Fabrication Processes Generating Ruled Surfaces: Demonstration for Contour Crafting
,” Rapid Prototyp. J.
, 15
(5
), pp. 361
–369
. 49.
Zareiyan
, B.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2017
, “Effects of Interlocking on Interlayer Adhesion and Strength of Structures in 3D Printing of Concrete
,” Autom. Constr.
, 83
, pp. 212
–221
. 50.
Bosscher
, P.
, Williams
, R. L.
, Bryson
, L. S.
, and Castro-Lacouture
, D.
, 2007
, “Cable-Suspended Robotic Contour Crafting System
,” Autom. Constr.
, 17
(1
), pp. 45
–55
. 51.
Williams
, R. L.
, II, Xin
, M.
, and Bosscher
, P.
, 2008
, “Contour-Crafting-Cartesian-Cable Robot System Concepts: Workspace and Stiffness Comparisons (DETC2008-49478)
,” ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference
, Brooklyn, NY
, Aug. 3–6
, pp. 31
–38
. 52.
Good
, J.
, Gilley
, S.
, McLemore
, C.
, Fikes
, J.
, and Darby
, C.
, 2008
, “Fabrication Capabilities Utilizing In Situ Materials
,” AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition
, San Diego, CA
, Sept. 9–11
, p. 7854
. 53.
Khoshnevis
, B.
, Bodiford
, M. P.
, Burks
, K. H.
, Ethridge
, E.
, Tucker
, D.
, Kim
, W.
, Toutanji
, H.
, and Fiske
, M. R.
, 2005
, “Lunar Contour Crafting—A Novel Technique for ISRU-Based Habitat Development
,” 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
, Reno, NV
, Jan. 10–13
, p. 538
. 54.
Khoshnevis
, B.
, Carlson
, A.
, Leach
, N.
, and Thangavelu
, M.
, 2012
, “Contour Crafting Simulation Plan for Lunar Settlement Infrastructure Buildup
,” Earth Sp.
, 2012
, pp. 1458
–1467
. 55.
Leach
, N.
, Carlson
, A.
, Khoshnevis
, B.
, and Thangavelu
, M.
, 2012
, “Robotic Construction by Contour Crafting: The Case of Lunar Construction
,” Int. J. Archit. Comput.
, 10
(3
), pp. 423
–438
. 56.
Khoshnevis
, B.
, Thangavelu
, M.
, Yuan
, X.
, and Zhang
, J.
, 2013
, “Advances in Contour Crafting Technology for Extraterrestrial Settlement Infrastructure Buildup
,” AIAA SPACE 2013 Conference and Exposition
, San Diego, CA
, Sept. 10–12
, p. 5438
. 57.
Thangavelu
, M.
, Khoshnevis
, B.
, Carlson
, A.
, and Leach
, N.
, 2012
, “Architectural Concepts Employing Co-Robot Strategy and Contour Crafting Technologies for Lunar Settlement Infrastructure Development
,” AIAA Space Conference & Exposition
, Pasadena, CA
, Sept. 11–13
, p. 5173
. 58.
Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2017
, “Large Scale 3-D Printing: Past, Present and Future Project
,” https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tamu-engineering/nsf-3dp-workshop/day1/invited-talks-2/khoshnevis.pdf, Accessed October 10, 2017.59.
Sanders
, G. B.
, and Larson
, W. E.
, 2011
, “Integration of In-Situ Resource Utilization Into Lunar/Mars Exploration Through Field Analogs
,” Adv. Sp. Res.
, 47
(1
), pp. 20
–29
. 60.
Mueller
, R. P.
, Howe
, S.
, Kochmann
, D.
, Ali
, H.
, Andersen
, C.
, Burgoyne
, H.
, Chambers
, W.
, Clinton
, R.
, De Kestellier
, X.
, Ebelt
, K.
, Gerner
, S.
, Hofmann
, D.
, Hogstrom
, K.
, Ilves
, E.
, and Jerves
, A.
, 2016
, “Automated Additive Construction (AAC) for Earth and Space Using In-Situ Resources
,” Proc. Fifteenth Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction and Operations in Challenging Environments
, Orlando, FL
, Apr. 11–15
. 61.
Lim
, S.
, Buswell
, R. A.
, Le
, T. T.
, Wackrow
, R.
, Austin
, S. A.
, Gibb
, A. G. F.
, and Thorpe
, T.
, 2011
, “Development of a Viable Concrete Printing Process
,” Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC2011)
, Seoul, South Korea
, June 29–July 2
, © International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (I.A.A.R.C.), pp. 665
–670
. 62.
Le
, T. T.
, Austin
, S. A.
, Lim
, S.
, Buswell
, R. A.
, Gibb
, A. G. F.
, and Thorpe
, T.
, 2012
, “Mix Design and Fresh Properties for High-Performance Printing Concrete
,” Mater. Struct.
, 45
(8
), pp. 1221
–1232
. 63.
Buswell
, R. A.
, De Silva
, W. R. L.
, Jones
, S. Z.
, and Dirrenberger
, J.
, 2018
, “Cement and Concrete Research 3D Printing Using Concrete Extrusion: A Roadmap for Research
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
, 112
, pp. 37
–49
. 64.
ASTM International
, 2018
, “ASTM C125-18 Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
,” ASTM International
, pp. 1
–4
.65.
Rushing
, T. S.
, Al-Chaar
, G.
, Eick
, B. A.
, Burroughs
, J.
, Shannon
, J.
, Barna
, L.
, and Case
, M.
, 2017
, “Investigation of Concrete Mixtures for Additive Construction
,” Rapid Prototyp. J.
, 23
(1
), pp. 74
–80
. 66.
Malaeb
, Z.
, Hachem
, H.
, Tourbah
, A.
, Maalouf
, T.
, El Zarwi
, N.
, and Hamzeh
, F.
, 2015
, “3D Concrete Printing: Machine and Mix Design
,” Int. J. Civ. Eng. Technol.
, 6
(6
), pp. 14
–22
.67.
Hambach
, M.
, and Volkmer
, D.
, 2017
, “Properties of 3D-Printed Fiber-Reinforced Portland Cement Paste
,” Cem. Concr. Compos.
, 79
, pp. 62
–70
. 68.
Panda
, B.
, Paul
, S. C.
, Mohamed
, N. A. N.
, Tay
, Y. W. D.
, and Tan
, M. J.
, 2018
, “Measurement of Tensile Bond Strength of 3D Printed Geopolymer Mortar
,” Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed.
, 113
, pp. 108
–116
. 69.
Panda
, B.
, Paul
, S. C.
, Hui
, L. J.
, Tay
, Y. W. D.
, and Tan
, M. J.
, 2018
, “Additive Manufacturing of Geopolymer for Sustainable Built Environment
,” J. Clean. Prod.
, 167
, pp. 281
–288
. 70.
Salet
, T. A. M.
, Bos
, F. P.
, Wolfs
, R. J. M.
, and Ahmed
, Z. Y.
, 2017
, “3D Concrete Printing—A Structural Engineering Perspective
,” Proceedings of the 2017 Fib Symposium, High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet
, Maastricht, The Netherlands
, June 12–14
, pp. xliii
–lvii
. 71.
Panda
, B.
, and Tan
, M. J.
, 2018
, “Experimental Study on Mix Proportion and Fresh Properties of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer for 3D Concrete Printing
,” Ceram. Int.
, 44
(9
), pp. 10258
–10265
. 72.
Paul
, S. C.
, Tay
, Y. W. D.
, Panda
, B.
, and Tan
, M. J.
, 2018
, “Fresh and Hardened Properties of 3D Printable Cementitious Materials for Building and Construction
,” Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng.
, 18
(1
), pp. 311
–319
. 73.
Feng
, L.
, and Yuhong
, L.
, 2014
, “Study on the Status Quo and Problems of 3D Printed Buildings in China
,” Glob. J. Human-Social Sci. Res.
, 14
(5
).74.
Nerella
, V. N.
, Krause
, M.
, Näther
, M.
, and Mechtcherine
, V.
, 2019
, 3D Concrete Printing Technology
, Butterworth-Heinemann
, pp. 333
–347
. Chapter 16. 75.
Gosselin
, C.
, Duballet
, R.
, Roux
, P.
, Gaudillière
, N.
, Dirrenberger
, J.
, and Morel
, P.
, 2016
, “Large-Scale 3D Printing of Ultra-High Performance Concrete—A New Processing Route for Architects and Builders
,” Mater. Des.
, 100
, pp. 102
–109
. 76.
World’s Advanced Saving Project-WASP
, 2018
, “Delta WASP 2040
,” https://www.personalfab.it/en/shop/clay-3d-printer-delta-wasp-2040-clay/, Accessed July, 2018.77.
Xu
, J.
, Ding
, L.
, and Love
, P. E. D.
, 2017
, “Digital Reproduction of Historical Building Ornamental Components: From 3D Scanning to 3D Printing
,” Autom. Constr.
, 76
, pp. 85
–96
. 78.
Perrot
, A.
, Rangeard
, D.
, and Pierre
, A.
, 2016
, “Structural Built-up of Cement-Based Materials Used for 3D-Printing Extrusion Techniques
,” Mater. Struct. Constr.
, 49
(4
), pp. 1213
–1220
. 79.
Suiker
, A. S. J.
, 2018
, “Mechanical Performance of Wall Structures in 3D Printing Processes: Theory, Design Tools and Experiments
,” Int. J. Mech. Sci.
, 137
, pp. 145
–170
. 80.
Wolfs
, R. J. M.
, Bos
, F. P.
, and Salet
, T. A. M.
, 2018
, “Early Age Mechanical Behaviour of 3D Printed Concrete: Numerical Modelling and Experimental Testing
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
, 106
, pp. 103
–116
. 81.
Roussel
, N.
, 2018
, “Rheological Requirements for Printable Concretes
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
, 112
, pp. 76
–85
. 82.
Reiter
, L.
, Wangler
, T.
, Roussel
, N.
, and Flatt
, R. J.
, 2018
, “The Role of Early Age Structural Build-Up in Digital Fabrication With Concrete
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
, 112
, pp. 86
–95
. 83.
Ramachandran
, V. S.
, and Beaudoin
, J. J.
, 2000
, Handbook of Analytical Techniques in Concrete Science and Technology: Principles, Techniques and Applications
, Elsevier
, New York
.84.
Marchon
, D.
, Kawashima
, S.
, Bessaies-bey
, H.
, Mantellato
, S.
, and Ng
, S.
, 2018
, “Hydration and Rheology Control of Concrete for Digital Fabrication: Potential Admixtures and Cement Chemistry
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
, 112
, pp. 96
–110
. 85.
Wijffels
, M. J. H.
, Wolfs
, R. J. M.
, Suiker
, A. S. J.
, and Salet
, T. A. M.
, 2017
, “Magnetic Orientation of Steel Fibres in Self-Compacting Concrete Beams: Effect on Failure Behaviour
,” Cem. Concr. Compos.
, 80
, pp. 342
–355
. 86.
Bos
, F. P.
, Ahmed
, Z. Y.
, Jutinov
, E. R.
, and Salet
, T. A. M.
, 2017
, “Experimental Exploration of Metal Cable as Reinforcement in 3D Printed Concrete
,” Materials (Basel)
, 10
(11
), p. 1314
. 87.
Mechtcherine
, V.
, Grafe
, J.
, Nerella
, V. N.
, Spaniol
, E.
, Hertel
, M.
, and Füssel
, U.
, 2018
, “3D-Printed Steel Reinforcement for Digital Concrete Construction—Manufacture, Mechanical Properties and Bond Behaviour
,” Constr. Build. Mater.
, 179
, pp. 125
–137
. 88.
Asprone
, D.
, Menna
, C.
, Bos
, F. P.
, Salet
, T. A. M.
, and Mata-falcón
, J.
, 2018
, “Rethinking Reinforcement for Digital Fabrication With Concrete
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
, 112
, pp. 111
–121
. 89.
Asprone
, D.
, Auricchio
, F.
, Menna
, C.
, and Mercuri
, V.
, 2018
, “3D Printing of Reinforced Concrete Elements: Technology and Design Approach
,” Constr. Build. Mater.
, 165
, pp. 218
–231
. 90.
Mata-Falcón
, J.
, Bischof
, P.
, and Kaufmann
, W.
, 2018
, “Exploiting the Potential of Digital Fabrication for Sustainable and Economic Concrete Structures
,” RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication
, Zurich, Switzerland
, Sept. 10–12
, pp. 157
–166
. 91.
Lloret
, E.
, Shahab
, A. R.
, Linus
, M.
, Flatt
, R. J.
, Gramazio
, F.
, Kohler
, M.
, and Langenberg
, S.
, 2015
, “Complex Concrete Structures: Merging Existing Casting Techniques With Digital Fabrication
,” CAD Comput. Aided Des.
, 60
, pp. 40
–49
. 92.
Lloret Fritschi
, E.
, Reiter
, L.
, Wangler
, T.
, Gramazio
, F.
, Kohler
, M.
, and Flatt
, R. J.
, 2017
, “Smart Dynamic Casting Slipforming With Flexible Formwork—Inline Measurement and Control
,” HPC/CIC Tromsø 2017
, Tromsø, Norway
, Mar. 6–8
.93.
Szabo
, A.
, Reiter
, L.
, Lloret-Fritschi
, E.
, Gramazio
, F.
, Kohler
, M.
, and Flatt
, R. J.
, 2018
, “Adapting Smart Dynamic Casting to Thin Folded Geometries
,” RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication
, Zurich, Switzerland
, Sept. 10–12
, pp. 81
–93
. 94.
Lloret-Fritschi
, E.
, Scotto
, F.
, Gramazio
, F.
, Kohler
, M.
, Graser
, K.
, Wangler
, T.
, Reiter
, L.
, Flatt
, R. J.
, and Mata-Falcón
, J.
, 2018
, “Challenges of Real-Scale Production With Smart Dynamic Casting
,” RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication
, Zurich, Switzerland
, Sept. 10–12
, pp. 299
–310
. 95.
Zavattieri
, P. D.
, 2017
, “Material Architecture Inspired by Nature: Harnessing the Role of Interfaces and Uncovering Hidden Possibilities
,” https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tamu-engineering/nsf-3dp-workshop/day1/invited-talks-2/zavattieri.pdf, Accessed October 10, 2017.96.
Gao
, W.
, Zhang
, Y.
, Ramanujan
, D.
, Ramani
, K.
, Chen
, Y.
, Williams
, C. B.
, Wang
, C. C. L.
, Shin
, Y. C.
, Zhang
, S.
, and Zavattieri
, P. D.
, 2015
, “The Status, Challenges, and Future of Additive Manufacturing in Engineering
,” Comput. Des.
, 69
, pp. 65
–89
. 97.
Moini
, M.
, Olek
, J.
, Magee
, B.
, Zavattieri
, P.
, and Youngblood
, J.
, 2019
, “Additive Manufacturing and Characterization of Architectured Cement-Based Materials via X-Ray Micro-Computed Tomography
,” RILEM Bookseries
, 19
, pp. 176
–189
. 98.
Moini
, M.
, Olek
, J.
, Youngblood
, J. P.
, Magee
, B.
, and Zavattieri
, P. D.
, 2018
, “Additive Manufacturing and Performance of Architectured Cement-Based Materials
,” Adv. Mater.
, 30
(43
), pp. 1
–11
. 99.
Habert
, G.
, 2013
, “Environmental Impact of Portland Cement Production
,” Eco-efficient Concrete
, F.
Pacheco-Torgal
, S.
Jalali
, J.
Labrincha
, and V. M.
John
, eds., Woodhead Publ.
, Cambridge
, pp. 3
–25
.100.
Salet
, T.
(Theo), 2017
, “3D Concrete Printing—A Journey With Destination Unknown
,” https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tamu-engineering/nsf-3dp-workshop/day1/invited-talks-3/salet.pdf, Accessed October 10, 2017.101.
Wangler
, T.
, 2017
, “Materials Challenges in Digital Fabrication With Concrete
,” https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tamu-engineering/nsf-3dp-workshop/day2/invited-talks-1/wangler.pdf, Accessed October 11, 2017.102.
De Schutter
, G.
, Lesage
, K.
, Mechtcherine
, V.
, Naidu
, V.
, Habert
, G.
, and Agusti-juan
, I.
, 2018
, “Vision of 3D Printing With Concrete—Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
, 112
, pp. 25
–36
. 103.
Jones
, S. Z.
, 2017
, “NIST Perspectives on Additive Manufacturing for Civil Infrastructure Design and Construction
,” https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tamu-engineering/nsf-3dp-workshop/day2/invited-talks-2/jones.pdf, Accessed October 11, 2017.104.
Sanchez
, F.
, Biernacki
, J. J.
, Olek
, J.
, and Zavattieri
, P. D.
, 2017
, “3D Printing: A New Promising Avenue for Concrete and the Construction Industry
,” NSF Workshop on Additive Manufacturing for Civil Infrastructure Design and Construction
, Arlington, VA
, July 13–14
. https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tamu-engineering/nsf-3dp-workshop/day1/invitedtalks-3/sanchez.pdf105.
Biernacki
, J. J.
, Bullard
, J. W.
, Sant
, G.
, Brown
, K.
, Glasser
, F. P.
, Jones
, S.
, Ley
, T.
, Livingston
, R.
, Nicoleau
, L.
, Olek
, J.
, Sanchez
, F.
, Shahsavari
, R.
, Stutzman
, P. E.
, Sobolev
, K.
, and Prater
, T.
, 2017
, “Cements in the 21 St Century: Challenges, Perspectives, and Opportunities
,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
, 100
(7
), pp. 1
–28
. 106.
Keating
, S. J.
, Leland
, J. C.
, Cai
, L.
, and Oxman
, N.
, 2017
, “Toward Site-Specific and Self-Sufficient Robotic Fabrication on Architectural Scales
,” Sci. Robot.
, 2
(5
), p. eaam8986
. 107.
Reuters
, 2018
, “3D-Printed Public Housing Unveiled in France
,” https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-robot-printer-house/3d-printed-public-housing-unveiled-in-france-idUSKBN1HH2HW, Accessed September, 2018.108.
Miyamoto
, Y.
, Kaysser
, W. A.
, Rabin
, B. H.
, Kawasaki
, A.
, and Ford
, R. G.
, 2013
, Functionally Graded Materials: Design, Processing and Applications Volume 5 of Materials Technology Series
, Springer Science & Business Media
, New York
.109.
Duro-Royo
, J.
, Mogas-Soldevila
, L.
, and Oxman
, N.
, 2015
, “Flow-Based Fabrication: An Integrated Computational Workflow for Design and Digital Additive Manufacturing of Multifunctional Heterogeneously Structured Objects
,” CAD Comput. Aided Des.
, 69
, pp. 143
–154
. 110.
Mogas-Soldevila
, L.
, Duro-Royo
, J.
, and Oxman
, N.
, 2014
, “Water-Based Robotic Fabrication: Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Hydrogel Composites via Multichamber Extrusion
,” 3D Print. Addit. Manuf.
, 1
(3
), pp. 141
–151
. 111.
Duty
, C. E.
, Kunc
, V.
, Compton
, B.
, Post
, B.
, Erdman
, D.
, Smith
, R.
, Lind
, R.
, Lloyd
, P.
, and Love
, L.
, 2017
, “Structure and Mechanical Behavior of Big Area Additive Manufacturing (BAAM) Materials
,” Rapid Prototyp. J.
, 23
(1
), pp. 181
–189
. 112.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
, 2016
, “ORNL/Boeing Guinness World Record
,” https://www.ornl.gov/news/3d-printed-tool-building-aircraft-achieves-guinness-world-records-title, Accessed November, 2017.113.
Biswas
, K.
, Rose
, J.
, Eikevik
, L.
, Guerguis
, M.
, Enquist
, P.
, Lee
, B.
, Love
, L.
, Green
, J.
, and Jackson
, R.
, 2016
, “Additive Manufacturing Integrated Energy—Enabling Innovative Solutions for Buildings of the Future
,” ASME J. Sol. Energy Eng.
, 139
(1
), p. 015001
. 114.
Love
, L. J.
, Kunc
, V.
, Rios
, O.
, Duty
, C. E.
, Elliott
, A. M.
, Post
, B. K.
, Smith
, R. J.
, and Blue
, C. A.
, 2014
, “The Importance of Carbon Fiber to Polymer Additive Manufacturing
,” J. Mater. Res.
, 29
(17
), pp. 1893
–1898
. 115.
Post
, B. K.
, 2017
, “Breaking Barriers With BAAM: Large Scale Additive Manufacturing Applications in Infrastructure
,” https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tamu-engineering/nsf-3dp-workshop/day1/invited-talks-2/post.pdf, Accessed October 10, 2017.116.
Giftthaler
, M.
, Sandy
, T.
, Dörfler
, K.
, Brooks
, I.
, Buckingham
, M.
, Rey
, G.
, Kohler
, M.
, Gramazio
, F.
, and Buchli
, J.
, 2017
, “Mobile Robotic Fabrication at 1:1 Scale: The In Situ Fabricator
,” Constr. Robot.
, 1
(1–4
), pp. 1
–11
. 117.
Hack
, N.
, and Lauer
, W. V.
, 2014
, “Mesh-Mould: Robotically Fabricated Spatial Meshes as Reinforced Concrete Formwork
,” Archit. Des.
, 84
(3
), pp. 44
–53
. 118.
Hack
, N.
, Lauer
, W. V.
, Gramazio
, F.
, and Kohler
, M.
, 2015
, “Mesh Mould: Robotically Fabricated Metal Meshes as Concrete Formwork and Reinforcement
,” Proceedings of 11th International Symposium on Ferrocement and 3rd ICTRC International Conference on Textile Reinforced Concrete
, Aachen, Germany
, June 7–10
, pp. 347
–359
. 119.
Dini
, E.
, 2009
, “D-SHAPE—The 21st Century Revolution in Building Technology Has a Name
,” pp. 1
–16
. https://www.cadblog.pl/podcasty/luty_2012/d_shape_presentation.pdf120.
Cesaretti
, G.
, Dini
, E.
, De Kestelier
, X.
, Colla
, V.
, and Pambaguian
, L.
, 2014
, “Building Components for an Outpost on the Lunar Soil by Means of a Novel 3D Printing Technology
,” Acta Astronaut.
, 93
, pp. 430
–450
. 121.
Feng
, P.
, Meng
, X.
, Chen
, J.-F.
, and Ye
, L.
, 2015
, “Mechanical Properties of Structures 3D Printed With Cementitious Powders
,” Constr. Build. Mater.
, 93
, pp. 486
–497
. 122.
Xia
, M.
, and Sanjayan
, J.
, 2016
, “Method of Formulating Geopolymer for 3D Printing for Construction Applications
,” Mater. Des.
, 110
, pp. 382
–390
. 123.
Shakor
, P.
, Sanjayan
, J.
, Nazari
, A.
, and Nejadi
, S.
, 2017
, “Modified 3D Printed Powder to Cement-Based Material and Mechanical Properties of Cement Scaffold Used in 3D Printing
,” Constr. Build. Mater.
, 138
, pp. 398
–409
. 124.
Weger
, D.
, Lowke
, D.
, and Gehlen
, C.
, 2016
, “3D printing of concrete structures using the selective binding method–Effect of concrete technology on contour precision and compressive strength
,” Proceedings of 11th Fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering
, Tokyo, Japan
, Aug. 29–31
, pp. 403
–410
.125.
Weger
, D.
, Lowke
, D.
, Gehlen
, C.
, and Talke
, D.
, 2018
, “Additive Manufacturing of Concrete Elements Using Selective Cement Paste Intrusion-Effect of Layer Orientation on Strength and Durability
,” Proceedings of RILEM 1st International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication
, Zurich, Switzerland
, Sept. 10–12
.126.
Zhang
, J.
, and Khoshnevis
, B.
, 2015
, “Selective Separation Sintering (SSS): A New Layer Based Additive Manufacturing Approach for Metals and Ceramics
,” Proceedings of Solid Freedom Fabrication
, pp. 71
–79
.127.
Khoshnevis
, B.
, and Zhang
, J.
, 2015
, “Selective Separation Sintering (SSS)—An Additive Manufacturing Approach for Fabrication of Ceramic and Metallic Parts With Application in Planetary Construction
,” AIAA SPACE 2015 Conference and Exposition
, Pasadena, CA
, Aug. 31–Sept. 2
. 128.
Agustí-Juan
, I.
, and Habert
, G.
, 2017
, “Environmental Design Guidelines for Digital Fabrication
,” J. Clean. Prod.
, 142
, pp. 2780
–2791
. 129.
Cerovsek
, T.
, 2011
, “A Review and Outlook for a “Building Information Model” (BIM): A Multi-Standpoint Framework for Technological Development
,” Adv. Eng. Informatics
, 25
(2
), pp. 224
–244
. 130.
Duballet
, R.
, Baverel
, O.
, and Dirrenberger
, J.
, 2017
, “Classification of Building Systems for Concrete 3D Printing
,” Autom. Constr.
, 83
, pp. 247
–258
. 131.
Goodings
, D. J.
, 2017
, “NSF Perspectives on Additive Manufacturing for Civil Infrastructure Design and Construction
,” https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tamu-engineering/nsf-3dp-workshop/day2/invited-talks-2/goodings.pdf, Accessed October 11, 2017.132.
Kalil
, T.
, and Wadia
, C.
, 2011
, Materials Genome Initiative: A Renaissance of American Manufacturing
. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2011/06/24/materials-genome-initiative-renaissance-american-manufacturingCopyright © 2019 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
