... fully turbulent. The existence of a critical temperature is a very interesting phenomenon since we can control the fluid temperature actively near the critical temperature region by thermal heating to get different values of DR and HTR for different purposes. In transport pipes, great drag reduction can...

... Newtonian fluid flow like water through the same coils in the turbulent drag reduction region. Drag reduction and heat transfer reduction increase with an increase in surfactant solution concentration and temperature in the measured concentration and temperature ranges. On the other hand, they decrease...

... Navier-Stokes equations flow instability finite volume methods stagnation flow flow separation laminar to turbulent transitions wakes shear turbulence friction drag reduction heat transfer pressure drop lenticular elliptical cylinder cross flow subcritical flow The objective...

... to calculate Fanning friction factors and they are plotted versus Reynolds number in Fig. 3 . Also plotted in Fig. 3 are Virk’s ( 10 ) limiting maximum drag reduction asymptote (MDRA) for polymer Eq. 1 and Zakin’s ( 11 ) MDRA for surfactant Eq. 2 . 1 1 f f 1 ∕ 2 = 19 log 10...

... surfactants drag reduction turbulence channel flow non-Newtonian flow non-Newtonian fluids cryogenics transmission electron microscopy Heat Transfer Microstructures Non-Newtonian Polymers Rheological Thermal Turbulence Visualization Vortex Reduction of friction losses in turbulent...

... such as Toms effect which suppresses the occurrence of turbulence flow and declines the turbulent structure. The same behavior of flow drag reduction for the microcapsule PCM slurry in the present experiments was reported by the previous...

... in a two-dimensional channel by utilizing the characteristic of fluid was studied. As the networks of rod-like micelles in surfactant solution are responsible for suppressing the turbulence in drag-reducing flow, destruction of the structure of networks was considered to eliminate the drag reduction...