The purpose of this paper is to investigate the air suction characteristics of a water hydraulic piston pump with check valves. The influence of some factors on its air suction performance, including compression ratio, initial spring forces, valve gaps, etc., was simulated. The real suction height of the pump prototype was tested and it agreed well with the simulation result. The compression ratio and the outlet pressure of the pump have been found to be dominant. This study can provide a guide for the design of a piston pump whose air suction characteristics need to be considered in application.

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