Abstract
This study investigates numerically the effects of equivalence ratio (Φ) on flow/flame interactions and emissions of stratified oxy-methane (CH4/O2/CO2) flames in a dual annular counter-rotating swirl (DACRS) burner for wider operability and environmental-friendly gas turbines. The flow mixture entering the combustor is split into two coaxial streams of different equivalence ratios. The central stream is characterized by higher Φ to continuously ignite the flame for enhanced flame stability, whereas the annular stream is a highly lean mixture to sustain the environmental performance of the combustor. The partially premixed combustion model is adopted in the ansys-fluent 2021-r1 software to model the reaction kinetics of the generated stratified flames in the two-dimensional axisymmetric domain. Nine cases of the same inlet velocity ratio (primary stream to secondary stream) of 3.0 are examined at a fixed oxygen fraction (OF: volumetric percentage of oxygen in the O2/CO2 mixture) of both streams of 30%. Flame stratification is achieved by varying the equivalence ratios of the primary (Φp = 0.9, 0.8, and 0.7) and secondary (Φs = 0.7, 0.55, and 0.4) streams. The results indicate effective flame/flow interactions, complete combustion, and reduced emissions for the DACRS stratified flames.
Issue Section:
Fuel Combustion
Keywords:
gas turbine,
dual annular counter-rotating swirl (DACRS) burner,
stratified combustion,
carbon capture,
dual-stage lean premixed (DLPM) combustion,
turbulent reacting flow,
air emissions from fossil fuel combustion,
alternative energy sources,
energy conversion/systems,
energy systems analysis
Topics:
Combustion,
Combustion chambers,
Emissions,
Flames,
Flow (Dynamics),
Gas turbines,
Temperature,
Oxygen,
Methane
References
1.
Chen
, W.
, Pan
, J.
, Yang
, W.
, Liu
, Y.
, Fan
, B.
, Lu
, Y.
, and Otchere
, P.
, 2021
, “Stratified Combustion Characteristics Analysis and Assisted-Ignition Strategy Optimization in a Natural Gas Blended Diesel Wankel Engine
,” Fuel
, 292
, p. 120192
. 2.
Woolley
, K. E.
, Dickinson-Craig
, E.
, Bartington
, S. E.
, Oludotun
, T.
, Kirenga
, B.
, Mariga
, S. T.
, Kabera
, T.
, et al, 2021
, “Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Household Air Pollution From Solid Biomass Fuels and Improve Maternal and Child Health Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review Protocol
,” Syst. Rev.
, 10
(1
), p. 33
. 3.
Wang
, Y.
, Han
, W.
, and Chen
, Z.
, 2021
, “Effects of Stratification on Premixed Cool Flame Propagation and Modeling
,” Combust. Flame
, 229
, p. 111394
. 4.
Aliyu
, M.
, Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Said
, S. A. M.
, Abdelhafez
, A.
, Mansir
, I. B.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2022
, “Role of Adiabatic Flame Temperature on Controlling Operability of a Micromixer-Based Gas Turbine Combustor Holding Premixed Oxy-Flames for Carbon Capture
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 144
(10
), p. 102307
. 5.
Rashwan
, S. S.
, Abdelkader
, B.
, Abdalmonem
, A.
, Abou-Arab
, T. W.
, Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Habib
, M. A.
, and Ibrahim
, A. H.
, 2022
, “Experimental and Statistical ANOVA Analysis on Combustion Stability of CH4/O2/CO2 in a Partially Premixed Gas Turbine Combustor
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 144
(6
), p. 062301
. 6.
Yilmaz
, B.
, Ozdogan
, S.
, and Gökalp
, I.
, 2009
, “Numerical Study on Flame-Front Characteristics of Conical Turbulent Lean Premixed Methane/Air Flames
,” Energy Fuels
, 23
(4
), pp. 1843
–1848
. 7.
Sun
, P.
, Yuan
, Y.
, Ge
, B.
, Tian
, Y.
, Zhang
, Z.
, and Zang
, S.
, 2017
, “Combustion Oscillation Characteristics and Flame Structures in a Lean Premixed Prevaporized Combustor
,” Energy Fuels
, 31
(9
), pp. 10060
–10067
. 8.
Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Azazul Haque
, M. D.
, Hussain
, M.
, Abdelhafez
, A.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2022
, “Stratified and Hydrogen Combustion Techniques for Higher Turndown and Lower Emissions in Gas Turbines
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 144
(2
), p. 020801
. 9.
Kayed
, H.
, Mohamed
, A.
, Yehia
, M.
, Nemitallah
, M. A.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2019
, “Numerical Investigation of Auto-Ignition Characteristics in Microstructured Catalytic Honeycomb Reactor for CH4–Air and CH4–H2–Air Mixtures
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 141
(8
), p. 082209
. 10.
Ali
, K.
, Kim
, C.
, Lee
, Y.
, Oh
, S.
, and Kim
, K.
, 2020
, “A Numerical Study to Investigate the Effect of Syngas Composition and Compression Ratio on the Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Syngas-Fueled HCCI Engine
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 142
(9
), p. 092301. 11.
Khidr
, K. I.
, Eldrainy
, Y. A.
, and EL-Kassaby
, M. M.
, 2017
, “Towards Lower Gas Turbine Emissions: Flameless Distributed Combustion
,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev.
, 67
, pp. 1237
–1266
. 12.
Shi
, L.
, Fu
, Z.
, Duan
, X.
, Cheng
, C.
, Shen
, Y.
, Liu
, B.
, and Wang
, R.
, 2016
, “Influence of Combustion System Retrofit on NOx Formation Characteristics in a 300 MW Tangentially Fired Furnace
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 98
, pp. 766
–777
. 13.
Di Benedetto
, A.
, 2013
, “The Thermal/Thermodynamic Theory of Flammability: The Adiabatic Flammability Limits
,” Chem. Eng. Sci.
, 99
, pp. 265
–273
. 14.
Huang
, Y.
, and Yang
, V.
, 2009
, “Dynamics and Stability of Lean-Premixed Swirl-Stabilized Combustion
,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci.
, 35
(4
), pp. 293
–364
. 15.
Zhao
, W.
, Qiu
, P.
, Liu
, L.
, Shen
, W.
, and Lyu
, Y.
, 2019
, “Combustion and NOx Emission Characteristics of Dual-Stage Lean Premixed Flame
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 160
, p. 113951
. 16.
Xie
, Y.
, Tu
, Y.
, Jin
, H.
, Luan
, C.
, Wang
, Z.
, and Liu
, H.
, 2019
, “Numerical Study on a Novel Burner Designed to Improve MILD Combustion Behaviors at the Oxygen Enriched Condition
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 152
, pp. 686
–696
. 17.
Jin
, U.
, and Kim
, K. T.
, 2021
, “Experimental Investigation of Combustion Dynamics and NOx/CO Emissions From Densely Distributed Lean-Premixed Multinozzle CH4/C3H8/H2/Air Flames
,” Combust. Flame
, 229
, p. 111410
. 18.
Nassini
, P. C.
, Pampaloni
, D.
, Meloni
, R.
, and Andreini
, A.
, 2021
, “Lean Blow-Out Prediction in an Industrial Gas Turbine Combustor Through a LES-Based CFD Analysis
,” Combust. Flame
, 229
, p. 111391
. 19.
Abdelhafez
, A.
, Rashwan
, S. S.
, Nemitallah
, M. A.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2018
, “Stability Map and Shape of Premixed CH4/O2/CO2 Flames in a Model Gas-Turbine Combustor
,” Appl. Energy
, 215
, pp. 63
–74
. 20.
Hura
, H. S.
, Joshi
, N. D.
, Mongia
, H. C.
, and Tonouchi
, J.
, 1998
, “Dry Low Emissions Premixer CFD Modeling and Validation
,” Proceedings of the Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations
, American Society of Mechanical Engineers
, Paper No. V003T06A040
, 98-GT-444.21.
Pei
, X.
, Abdul Jameel
, A. G.
, Chen
, C.
, AlGhamdi
, I. A.
, AlAhmadi
, K.
, AlBarakati
, E.
, Saxena
, S.
, and Roberts
, W. L.
, 2021
, “Swirling Flame Combustion of Heavy Fuel Oil: Effect of Fuel Sulfur Content
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 143
(8
), p. 082103
. 22.
Gupta
, A. K.
, Lewis
, M. J.
, and Qi
, S.
, 1998
, “Effect of Swirl on Combustion Characteristics of Premixed Flames
,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power
, 120
(3
), pp. 488
–494
. 23.
Kang
, T.
, and Kyritsis
, D. C.
, 2009
, “Theoretical Investigation of Flame Propagation Through Compositionally Stratified Methane–Air Mixtures
,” Combust. Theory Model.
, 13
(4
), pp. 705
–719
. 24.
Galizzi
, C.
, and Escudié
, D.
, 2006
, “Experimental Analysis of an Oblique Laminar Flame Front Propagating in a Stratified Flow
,” Combust. Flame
, 145
(3
), pp. 621
–634
. 25.
Sweeney
, M. S.
, Hochgreb
, S.
, and Barlow
, R. S.
, 2011
, “The Structure of Premixed and Stratified Low Turbulence Flames
,” Combust. Flame
, 158
(5
), pp. 935
–948
. 26.
Anselmo-Filho
, P.
, Hochgreb
, S.
, Barlow
, R. S.
, and Cant
, R. S.
, 2009
, “Experimental Measurements of Geometric Properties of Turbulent Stratified Flames
,” Proc. Combust. Inst.
, 32
(2
), pp. 1763
–1770
. 27.
Kang
, T.
, and Kyritsis
, D. C.
, 2005
, “Methane Flame Propagation in Compositionally Stratified Gases
,” Combust. Sci. Technol.
, 177
(11
), pp. 2191
–2210
. 28.
Kim
, T. Y.
, Park
, C.
, Oh
, S.
, and Cho
, G.
, 2016
, “The Effects of Stratified Lean Combustion and Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of an LPG Direct Injection Engine
,” Energy
, 115
, pp. 386
–396
. 29.
Toftegaard
, M. B.
, Brix
, J.
, Jensen
, P. A.
, Glarborg
, P.
, and Jensen
, A. D.
, 2010
, “Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Solid Fuels
,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci.
, 36
(5
), pp. 581
–625
. 30.
Zhen
, H.
, Wei
, Z.
, and Chen
, Z.
, 2018
, “Effect of N2 Replacement by CO2 in Coaxial-Flow on the Combustion and Emission of a Diffusion Flame
,” Energies
, 11
(5
), p. 1032
. 31.
Liu
, F.
, Guo
, H.
, and Smallwood
, G. J.
, 2003
, “The Chemical Effect of CO2 Replacement of N2 in Air on the Burning Velocity of CH4 and H2 Premixed Flames
,” Combust. Flame
, 133
(4
), pp. 495
–497
. 32.
Abdul Jameel
, A. G.
, Dahiphale
, C.
, Alquaity
, A.
, Zahid
, U.
, and Jayanti
, S.
, 2021
, “Numerical Simulation of Coal Combustion in a Tangential Pulverized Boiler: Effect of Burner Vertical Tilt Angle
,” Arab. J. Sci. Eng.
, 47
(5
), pp. 5647
–5660
. 33.
Xie
, Y.
, Wang
, J.
, Zhang
, M.
, Gong
, J.
, Jin
, W.
, and Huang
, Z.
, 2013
, “Experimental and Numerical Study on Laminar Flame Characteristics of Methane Oxy-Fuel Mixtures Highly Diluted With CO2
,” Energy Fuels
, 27
(10
), pp. 6231
–6237
. 34.
Natarajan
, J.
, Lieuwen
, T.
, and Seitzman
, J.
, 2007
, “Laminar Flame Speeds of H2/CO Mixtures: Effect of CO2 Dilution, Preheat Temperature, and Pressure
,” Combust. Flame
, 151
(1–2
), pp. 104
–119
. 35.
Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Imteyaz
, B.
, Abdelhafez
, A.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2019
, “Experimental and Computational Study on Stability Characteristics of Hydrogen-Enriched Oxy-Methane Premixed Flames
,” Appl. Energy
, 250
, pp. 433
–443
. 36.
Chen
, L.
, and Ghoniem
, A. F.
, 2012
, “Simulation of Oxy-Coal Combustion in a 100 kWth Test Facility Using RANS and LES: A Validation Study
,” Energy Fuels
, 26
(8
), pp. 4783
–4798
. 37.
Göttgens
, J.
, Mauss
, F.
, and Peters
, N.
, 1992
, “Analytic Approximations of Burning Velocities and Flame Thicknesses of Lean Hydrogen, Methane, Ethylene, Ethane, Acetylene, and Propane Flames
,” Symp. Combust.
, 24
(1
), pp. 129
–135
. 38.
Salem
, E. K. I. J.
, 2018
, Numerical Simulations of Premixed Flames of Multi-Component Fuels/Air Mixture and Their Applications
, University of Kentucky
, Lexington, KY
.39.
Kutne
, P.
, Kapadia
, B. K.
, Meier
, W.
, and Aigner
, M.
, 2011
, “Experimental Analysis of the Combustion Behaviour of Oxyfuel Flames in a Gas Turbine Model Combustor
,” Proc. Combust. Inst.
, 33
(2
), pp. 3383
–3390
. 40.
Haque
, M. A.
, Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Abdelhafez
, A.
, Mansir
, I. B.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2020
, “Review of Fuel/Oxidizer-Flexible Combustion in Gas Turbines
,” Energy Fuels
, 34
(9
), pp. 10459
–10485
. 41.
Andersson
, K.
, Mönckert
, P.
, Maier
, J.
, Scheffknecht
, G.
, and Johnsson
, F.
, 2006
, “Combustion and Flame Characteristics of Oxyfuel Combustion
,” Eighth International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies. Proceedings of the GHGT-8 Conference
, Trondheim, Norway
, June 19–22
, pp. 9
–22
.42.
Williams
, T. C.
, Shaddix
, C. R.
, and Schefer
, R. W.
, 2007
, “Effect of Syngas Composition and CO2-Diluted Oxygen on Performance of a Premixed Swirl-Stabilized Combustor
,” Combust. Sci. Technol.
, 180
(1
), pp. 64
–88
. 43.
Araoye
, A. A.
, Abdelhafez
, A.
, Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Habib
, M. A.
, and Ben-Mansour
, R.
, 2021
, “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Stability and Emissions of Hydrogen-Assisted Oxy-Methane Flames in a Multi-Hole Model Gas-Turbine Burner
,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, 46
(38
), pp. 20093
–20106
. 44.
Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Abdelhafez
, A.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2019
, “Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Structure and Stability of Premixed Swirl-Stabilized CH4/O2/CO2 Flames in a Model Gas Turbine Combustor
,” Energy Fuels
, 33
(3
), pp. 2526
–2537
. 45.
Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Kewlani
, G.
, Hong
, S.
, Shanbhogue
, S. J.
, Habib
, M. A.
, and Ghoniem
, A. F.
, 2016
, “Investigation of a Turbulent Premixed Combustion Flame in a Backward-Facing Step Combustor; Effect of Equivalence Ratio
,” Energy
, 95
, pp. 211
–222
. 46.
Nemitallah
, M. A.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2013
, “Experimental and Numerical Investigations of an Atmospheric Diffusion Oxy-Combustion Flame in a Gas Turbine Model Combustor
,” Appl. Energy
, 111
, pp. 401
–415
. 47.
Ali
, A.
, Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Abdelhafez
, A.
, Imteyaz
, B.
, Mustafa Kamal
, M.
, and Habib
, M. A.
, 2020
, “Numerical and Experimental Study of Swirl Premixed CH4/H2/O2/CO2 Flames for Controlled-Emissions Gas Turbines
,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, 45
(53
), pp. 29616
–29629
. 48.
Imteyaz
, B.
, Habib
, M. A.
, Nemitallah
, M. A.
, Abdelhafez
, A. A.
, and Ben-Mansour
, R.
, 2021
, “Operability of a Premixed Combustor Holding Hydrogen Enriched Oxy-Methane Flames: An Experimental and Numerical Study
,” Int. J. Energy Res.
, 45
(2
), pp. 3049
–3063
. Copyright © 2022 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
