The core of the work is the investigation of the possible correlation between the thermodynamics and the hazards of a process. The objective is understanding the role of inefficiency in hazards consequences. To investigate such correlation, a case study from oil and gas sector is developed, where exergy analysis is used to study the thermodynamics of the process and a simplified quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is performed to evaluate the consequences of identified hazards. The thermo-economic approach is then used to correlate the two analyses. Through the analysis, the authors want to identify those components where hazardous consequences may be affected by inefficiency, aiming to reduce the risk of fatalities in processes by operating on the process itself or suggesting possible alternative strategies. The purpose of the paper is also to propose for further investigation on the correlation between inefficiency and process hazards.
Issue Section:
Energy Systems Analysis
Keywords:
Energy systems analysis
References
1.
Taleghani
, N.
, and Tyagi
, M.
, 2017
, “Impacts of Major Offshore Oil Spill Incidents on Petroleum Industry and Regional Economy
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 139
(2
), p. 022913
.2.
Lees
, F.
, 2012
, Loss Prevention in the Process Industries
, 4th ed., Butterworth-Heinemann
, Oxford, UK
.3.
Vincent
, W. K.
, 2014
, “Need for Engineering Solutions to Problems Associated With Offshore Oil and Gas Production
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 136
(3
), p. 034702
.4.
Uijt de Haag
, P.
, and Ale
, B.
, 1999
, “Guidelines for Quantitative Risk Assessment (Purple Book),” Committee for the Prevention of Disasters
, The Hague, The Netherlands
.5.
Mahdi
, K.
, Gheshlaghi
, R.
, Zahedi
, G.
, and Lohi
, A.
, 2008
, “Characterization and Modeling of a Crude Oil Desalting Plant by a Statistically Designed Approach
,” J. Pet. Sci. Eng.
, 61
(2–4
), pp. 116
–123
.6.
Lesaint
, C.
, Glomm
, W. R.
, Lundgaard
, L. E.
, and Sjöblom
, J.
, 2009
, “Dehydration Efficiency of AC Electrical Fields on Water-in-Model-Oil Emulsions
,” Colloids Surf. A
, 352
(1–3
), pp. 63
–69
.7.
Lissant
, K. J.
, 1983
, Demulsification: Industrial Applications (Surfactant Science Series, Vol. 13), M. Dekker, New York, p. 162.8.
Sun
, D.
, Duan
, X.
, Li
, W.
, and Zhou
, D.
, 1998
, “Demulsification of Water-in-Oil Emulsion by Using Porous Glass Membrane
,” J. Membr. Sci.
, 146
(1
), pp. 65
–72
.9.
Wu
, J.
, Xu
, Y.
, Dabros
, T.
, and Hamza
, H.
, 2003
, “Effect of Demulsifier Properties on Destabilization of Water-in-Oil Emulsion
,” Energy Fuels
, 17
(6
), pp. 1554
–1559
.10.
Mohammed
, R. A.
, Bailey
, A. I.
, Luckham
, P. F.
, and Taylor
, S. E.
, 1994
, “Dewatering of Crude Oil Emulsions—Part 3: Emulsion Resolution by Chemical Means
,” Colloids Surf. A
, 83
(3
), pp. 261
–271
.11.
Dezhi
, S.
, Chung
, J. S.
, Xiaodong
, D.
, and Ding
, Z.
, 1999
, “Demulsification of Water-in-Oil Emulsion by Wetting Coalescence Materials in Stirred- and Packed-Columns
,” Colloids Surf. A
, 150
(1–3
), pp. 69
–75
.12.
Mori
, Y.
, Tanigaki
, M.
, Maehara
, N.
, and Eguchi
, W.
, 1994
, “Effect of Frequency in a.c. High Voltage on Coalescence of Water-in-Oil Emulsion Stabilized With Sorbitan Monooleate Type Nonionic Surfactant
,” J. Chem. Eng. Jpn.
, 27
(3
), pp. 340
–343
.13.
Less
, S.
, Hannisdal
, A.
, and Sjöblom
, J.
, 2008
, “An Electrorheological Study on the Behavior of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions Under Influence of a DC Electric Field and Different Flow Conditions
,” J. Dispersion Sci. Technol.
, 29
(1
), pp. 106
–114
.14.
Less
, S.
, Hannisdal
, A.
, Bjørklund
, E.
, and Sjöblom
, J.
, 2008
, “Electrostatic Destabilization of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions: Application to a Real Case and Evaluation of the Aibel VIEC Technology
,” Fuel
, 87
(12
), pp. 2572
–2581
.15.
Eow
, J. S.
, and Ghadiri
, M.
, 2002
, “Electrostatic Enhancement of Coalescence of Water Droplets in Oil: A Review of the Technology
,” Chem. Eng. J.
, 85
(2–3
), pp. 357
–368
.16.
Eow
, J. S.
, Ghadiri
, M.
, and Sharif
, A. O.
, 2007
, “Electro-Hydrodynamic Separation of Aqueous Drops From Flowing Viscous Oil
,” J. Pet. Sci. Eng.
, 55
(1–2
), pp. 146
–155
.17.
Farahbod
, F.
, and Farahmand
, S.
, 2016
, “Introduction of Novel Process for Sweetening of Sour Crude Oil: Optimization of Process
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 139
(2
), p. 022907
.18.
Al-Muslim
, H.
, Dincer
, I.
, and Zubair
, S. M.
, 2003
, “Exergy Analysis of Single- and Two-Stage Crude Oil Distillation Units
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 125
(3
), pp. 199
–207
.19.
Margarone
, M.
, Magi
, S.
, Gorla
, G.
, Biffi
, S.
, Siboni
, P.
, Valenti
, G.
, Romano
, M. C.
, Giuffrida
, A.
, Negri
, E.
, and Macchi
, E.
, 2011
, “Revamping, Energy Efficiency, and Exergy Analysis of an Existing Upstream Gas Treatment Facility
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 133
(1
), p. 012001
.20.
Bejan
, A.
, and Moran
, M. J.
, 1996
, Thermal Design and Optimization
, Wiley
, New York
.21.
Szega
, M.
, and Żymełka
, P.
, 2017
, “Thermodynamic and Economic Analysis of the Production of Electricity, Heat, and Cold in the Combined Heat and Power Unit With the Absorption Chillers
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 140
(5
), p. 052002
.22.
Herrmann
, S.
, Kahlert
, S.
, Wuerth
, M.
, and Spliethoff
, H.
, 2017
, “Thermo-Economic Evaluation of Novel Flexible CAES/CCPP Concept
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 139
(1
), p. 011902
.23.
Meyer
, L.
, Tsatsaronis
, G.
, Buchgeister
, J.
, and Schebek
, L.
, 2009
, “Exergoenvironmental Analysis for Evaluation of the Environmental Impact of Energy Conversion Systems
,” Energy
, 34
(1
), pp. 75
–89
.24.
Frangopoulos
, C. A.
, and Caralis
, Y. C.
, 1997, “Method for Taking Into Account Environmental Impacts in the Economic Evaluation of Energy,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 38(15–17), pp. 1751–1763.25.
Szargut
, J.
, Morris
, D. R.
, and Steward
, F. R.
, 1987
, Exergy Analysis of Thermal, Chemical, and Metallurgical Processes, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation
, Carlsbad, CA
.26.
Cox
, A. W.
, Lees
, F. P.
, and Ang
, M. L.
, 1990
, Classification of Hazardous Locations
, IChemE
, London
.27.
Rota
, R.
, and Nano
, G.
, 2007
, Introduzione All'affidabilità Dei Processi Industriali
, Pitagora
, Bologna, Italy
.28.
Manning
, F. S.
, and Thompson
, R. E.
, 1995
, Oilfield Processing of Petroleum: Crude Oil
, PennWell Books
, Tulsa, OK
.29.
Motamedi
, P.
, Bargozin
, H.
, and Pourafshary
, P.
, 2018
, “Management of Implementation of Nanotechnology in Upstream Oil Industry: An Analytic Hierarchy Process Analysis
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 140
(5
), p. 052908
.Copyright © 2018 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
