Skip to Main Content
American Society of Mechanical Engineers: Digital Collection
Cart
header search
Search
Advanced Search
Skip Nav Destination
Online Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Codes
Online Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Codes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1115/1.861981
Publisher:
ASME Press
Publication date:
2020
eBook Chapter

36 ASME Piping Codes: B31.3 Process, B31.5 Refrigeration, B31.9 Building Services and ASME Standards for Piping: B31E Seismic Design, B31J Stress I-Factors, B31T Toughness Requirements

By
Jimmy E. Meyer
Jimmy E. Meyer

Jim Meyer is a principal engineer for CDM Smith, in addition he frequently teaches ASME B31 Pressure Piping courses all over the world for ASME. He has a BSME from Akron University and has been in the working in the piping industry since 1973. His experiences are in Refinery, Chemical, Coal and Nuclear Power and Cryogenic Piping Systems.

Search for other works by this author on:
This Site
PubMed
Google Scholar
,
Kristi A. Vilminot
Kristi A. Vilminot

Mrs. Kristi Vilminot is the Director of Engineering Power Generation and Energy/System Studies and the Director of Project Management at Commonwealth Associates Inc. Kristi has over 28 years of experience in power engineering with an emphasis on critical system piping design across all fuel types. Project types have included coal plants, combined and simple cycle plant, biomass plants and institutional power generation. Kristi has been a member of ASME B31.1 Code Committee for 20 years and has served as Vice Chairman of ASME B31.1 and Chairman of the Design Subgroup. Kristi is currently Vice Chair of ASME B31 Standards Committee.

Search for other works by this author on:
This Site
PubMed
Google Scholar
Doi:
https://doi.org/10.1115/1.861981_ch36
Page Count:
28
  • Published:
    2020

Abstract

This chapter covers the ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code as well as some of the other books in the B31 series.

History

Charles Becht IV was the author of “Chapter 17” titled “B31.3 PROCESS PIPING” for the first-third editions. Chapter 17 of the third edition was revised in its entirety and renumbered as Chapter 36 in the fourth edition authored by Jimmy E. Meyer who enlarged the scope of the chapter to include additional ASME B31 Codes and Standards. Jimmy E. Meyer and Kristi A. Vilmont updated this chapter for the current edition.

Topics:
Design, Pipes, Stress, Pressure
1.
Boardman
,
H. C.
, “
Formulas for the Design of Cylindrical and Spherical Shells to Withstand Uniform Internal Pressure
,”
The Water Tower
, vol.
30
,
1943
.
2.
Bergman
,
E. O.
, “The New-Type Code Chart for the Design of Vessels Under External Pressure,”
Pressure Vessel and Piping Design, Collected Papers 1927–1959
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1960
, pp.
647
–
654
.
3.
Holt
,
M.
, “A Procedure for Determining the Allowable Out-of-Roundness for Vessels Under External Pressure,”
Pressure Vessel and Piping Design, Collected Papers 1927–1959
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1960
, pp.
655
–
660
.
4.
Saunders
,
H. E.
, and
Windenburg
,
D.
, “Strength of Thin Cylindrical Shells Under External Pressure,”
Pressure Vessel and Piping Design, Collected Papers 1927–1959
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1960
, pp.
600
–
611
.
5.
Windenburg
,
D.
, and
Trilling
,
C.
, “Collapse by Instability of Thin Cylindrical Shells Under External Pressure,”
Pressure Vessel and Piping Design, Collected Papers 1927–1959
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1960
, pp.
612
–
624
.
6.
Windenburg
,
D.
, “Vessels Under External Pressure: Theoretical and Empirical Equations Represented in Rules for the Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels Subjected to External Pressure,”
Pressure Vessel and Piping Design, Collected Papers 1927–1959
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1960
, pp.
625
–
632
.
7.
Biersteker
,
M.
,
Dietemann
,
C.
,
Sareshwala
,
S.
, and
Haupt
,
R. W.
, “Qualification of Nonstandard Piping Product Form for ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 Applications,”
Codes and Standards and Applications for Design and Analysis of Pressure Vessels and Piping Components
,
PVP vol. 210–1
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1991
.
8.
Markl
,
A.
, “Fatigue Tests of Piping Components,”
Pressure Vessel and Piping Design, Collected Papers, 1927–1959
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
, pp.
402
–
418
,
1960
.
9.
Robinson
,
E.
 “Steam-Piping Design to Minimize Creep Concentrations,”
Pressure Vessel and Piping Design, Collected Papers, 1927–1959
. pp.
451
–
466
,
1960
.
10.
Becht
IV,
C.
, “Elastic Follow-up Evaluation of a Piping System with a Hot Wall Slide Valve,”
Design and Analysis of Piping, Pressure Vessels, and Components-1988
,
PVP-Vol. 139
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1988
.
11.
Bednar
,
H.
,
Pressure Vessel Design Handbook
,
Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
,
New York
,
1986
.
12.
Becht
,
C.
,
Chen
,
Y.
 and
Benteftifa
,
C.
, “Effect of Pipe Insertion on Slip-On Flange Performance,”
Design and Analysis of Pressure Vessels, Piping, and Components-1992
,
PVP-Vol. 235
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1992
.
13.
Sims
,
J.
, “Development of Design Criteria for a High Pressure Piping Code,”
High Pressure Technology—Design, Analysis, and Safety of High Pressure Equipment
,
PVP-Vol 110
, Ed.
D. P.
Kendall
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1986
.
14.
Piping Engineering
, Sixth Edition,
1986
,
Tube Turns, Inc.
15.
Piping Design & Engineering
, Seventh Edition,
1995
Grinnell Corporation
.
16.
STP-PT-028
,
Impact Test Exemptions
.
17.
Harvey
,
John F.
,
Theory and design of modern pressure vessels
,
Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
,
New York
,
1974
.
18.
Short
II,
W. E.
, “Overview of Chapter VII, Nonmetallic Piping and Piping Lined with Nonmetals in the ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant & Petroleum Refinery Piping Code,”
Codes and Standards and Applications for Design and Analysis of Pressure Vessel and Piping Components-1989
,
ASME PVP-Vol. 161
,
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
1989
.
19.
Short
II,
W. E.
, “
Coverage of Non-Metals in the ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping Code
,”
Journal of Process Mechanical Engineers
,
IMechE Vol. 206
, pp.
67
–
72
,
Institute of Mechanical Engineers
,
May
1992
.
20.
WRC 415
,
Literature Survey and Interpretive Study on Thermoplastic and Reinforced-Thermosetting-Resin Piping and Component Standards
,
W. E.
Short
II,
G. F.
Leon
,
G. E. O.
Widera
, and
C. G.
Zui
,
The Welding Research Council
,
September
,
1996
.
21.
Nayyar
,
Mohinder L.
,
Piping Handbook
,
Mcgraw-Hill
Seventh Edition.
22.
ASME PCC-1
,
Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
,
2010
.
23.
Pipe Fabrication Institute
,
PFI ES-48 Random Radiography
,
2008
.
24.
The Copper Tube Handbook
;
The Copper Development Association
,
New York
,
1995
.
25.
NUREG/CR-6239 ORNEL/Sub/94-SD427/2/V1, Volume 1: “Survey of Strong Motion Earthquake Effects on Thermal Power Plants in California with Emphasis on Piping Systems.”
26.
NUREG/CR–6358 entitled “Assessment of United States Industry Structural Codes and Standards for Application to Advanced Nuclear Power Reactors.”
27.
Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
,
Recommended Piping Seismic Adequacy Criteria Based on Performance Duringand after Earthquakes
,
Report NP-5617
,
January
1988
.
28.
Electric Power Research Inst., (EPRI)-Report-NP-6593
, “
The New Zealand earthquake of March 2, 1987: Effects on electric power and industrial facilities
”
1989
Nov
01
.
29.
EPRI, NP-7500-SL
,
The October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake: Effects onselected power and industrial facilities
,
September
1991
.
30.
Welding Research Concil (WRC) Bulleting 423
, “
Evaluation Of Seismic Response Data For Piping
”, by
Gerry C. Slagis
-
July
1997
.
31.
Electric Power Research Inst. (EPRI)
 “
Piping and Fitting Dynamic Reliability Programs (PFDRP)
,”
EPRI Contract RP 1543-15
.
32.
ASME RTP-1
,
Reinforced Thermoset Plastic Corrosion-Resistant Equipment
,
2017
.
33.
STP-PT-073
 “
Stress Intensity Factor and K-Factor Alignment for Metallic Pipes
”.
34.
“Sustained Stress Indices (SSI) in the B31.3 2010 Edition, “C. Becht V, T. Paulin, M. Stonehouse, W. S. Lock, D.Edwards, PVP2014-28267
,
Proceedings of the ASME Pressure Vessel & Piping Division
,
July 20-24
,
Anaheim, CA
.

General References

1.
API 526
,
Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves
;
The American Petroleum Institute
.
2.
API 570
,
Piping Inspection Code: Inspection Repair, Alteration, and Rerating of In-Service Piping Systems
;
The American Petroleum Institute
.
3.
API 594
,
Wafer and Wafer-Lug Check Valves
;
The American Petroleum Institute
.
4.
API 599
,
Metal Plug Valves—Flanged and Welding Ends
;
The American Petroleum Institute
.
5.
API 600
,
Steel Gate Valves—Flanged, Threaded and Butt-Welding Ends Bolted and Pressure Seal Bonnets
;
The American Petroleum Institute
.
6.
API 602
,
Compact Steel Gate Valves—Flanged, Threaded, Welding and Extended Body Ends
,
The American Petroleum Institute
.
7.
API 603
,
Class 150, Cast, Corrosion-Resistant, Flanged-End Gate Valves
,
The American Petroleum Institute
.
8.
API 608
,
Metal Ball Valves—Flanged, Threaded, and Butt-Welding Ends
,
The American Petroleum Institute
.
9.
API 609
,
Butterfly Valves: Double Flanged, Lug- and Water-Type
,
The American Petroleum Institute
.
10.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section I
,
Power Boilers
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
11.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section II, Part A
,
Materials, Ferrous Material Specifications
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
12.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section II, Part B
,
Materials, Nonferrous Material Specifications
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
13.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section III
,
Rules for Construction of Nuclear Power Plant Components
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
14.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 1
,
Pressure Vessels
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
15.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 2
,
Pressure Vessels, Alternative Rules
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
16.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX
,
Welding and Brazing Qualifications
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
17.
ASME B31.1
,
Power Piping
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
18.
ASME B31.3
,
Process Piping
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
19.
ASME B31.4
,
Liquid Transportation Systems for Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia, and Alcohols
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
20.
ASME B31.5
,
Refrigeration Piping
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
21.
ASME B31.8
,
Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
22.
ASME B31.9
,
Building Services Piping
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
23.
ASME B31J
,
Standard Method to Develop Stress Intensification and Flexibility Factors for Piping Components
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers; under development
.
24.
ASME B16.1
,
Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
;
American National Standards Institute
.
25.
ASME B1.20.1
,
Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
26.
ASME B16.3
,
Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
27.
ASME B16.4
,
Gray Iron Threaded Fittings
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
28.
ASME B16.5
,
Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
29.
ASME B16.9
,
Factory-Made Wrought-Steel Butt welding Fittings
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
30.
ASME B16.10
,
Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
31.
ASME B16.11
,
Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
32.
ASME B16.14
,
Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuts with Pipe Threads
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
33.
ASME B16.15
,
Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings, Classes 125 and 250
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
34.
ASME B16.18
,
Cast Copper-Alloy Solder-Joint Pressure Fittings
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
35.
ASME B16.22
,
Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Solder-Joint Pressure Fittings
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
36.
ASME B16.24
,
Bronze Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and 300
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
37.
ASME B16.26
,
Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
38.
ASME B16.28
,
Wrought-Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
39.
ASME B16.34
,
Valves—Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End
,
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
40.
ASME B16.36
,
Orifice Flanges, Classes 300, 600, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
41.
ASME B16.39
,
Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions, Classes 150, 250, and 300
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
42.
ASME B16.42
,
Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and 300
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
43.
ASME B16.47
,
Large Diameter Steel Flanges, NPS 26 Through NPS 60
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
44.
ASME B16.48
,
Steel Line Blanks
;
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
.
45.
AWWA C110
,
Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3 Inch Through 48 Inch (75 mm Through 1200 mm), for Water and Other Liquids
;
American Water Works Association
.
46.
AWWA C115
,
Flanged Ductile-Iron with Ductile-Iron or Gray-Iron Threaded Flanges
,
American Water Works Association
.
47.
AWWA C207
,
Steel Pipe Flanges for Water Works Service, Sizes 4 Inch Through 144 Inch (100 mm Through 3,600 mm)
;
American Water Works Association
.
48.
AWWA C208
,
Dimensions for Fabricated Steel Water Pipe Fittings
,
American Water Works Association
.
49.
AWWA C 500
,
Metal-Seated Gate Valves for Water Supply Service
,
American Water Works Associations
.
50.
AWWA C 504
,
Rubber-Seated Butterfly Valves
,
American Water Works Association
.
51.
MSS SP-42
,
Class 150 Corrosion-Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves With Flanged and Butt weld Ends
;
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
52.
MSS SP-43
,
Wrought Stainless Steel Butt welding Fittings
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
53.
MSS SP-44
,
Steel Pipe Line Flanges
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
54.
MSS SP-51
,
Class 150 LW Corrosion-Resistant Cast Flanges and Flanged Fittings
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
55.
MSS SP-65
,
High-Pressure Chemical Industry Flanges and Threaded Stubs for Use with Lens Gaskets
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
56.
MSS SP-70
,
Cast Iron Gate Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
57.
MSS SP-71
,
Cast Iron Swing Check Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
58.
MSS SP-72
,
Ball Valves With Flanged or Buttwelding Ends for General Service
;
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
59.
MSS SP-73
,
Brazing Joints for copper and copper Alloy pressure fittings
.
60.
MSS SP-75
,
Specifications for High Test Wrought Buttwelding Fittings
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
61.
MSS SP-79
,
Socket-Welding Reducer Inserts
;
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
62.
MSS SP-80
,
Bronze Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
63.
MSS SP-81
,
Stainless Steel, Bonnetless, Flanged, Knife Gate Valves
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
64.
MSS SP-83
,
Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
;
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
65.
MSS SP-85
,
Cast Iron Globe and Angle Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
66.
MSS SP-88
,
Diaphragm-Type Valves
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
67.
MSS SP-95
,
Swage (d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
68.
MSS SP-97
,
Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings—Socket Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends
;
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
69.
MSS SP-105
,
Instrument Valves for Code Applications
,
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
70.
MSS SP-58
,
Pipe Hangers and Supports—Materials, Design, and Manufacture
;
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
71.
SAE J513
,
Refrigeration Tube Fittings—General Specifications
;
Society of Automotive Engineers
.
72.
SAE J514
,
Hydraulic Tube Fittings
;
Society of Automotive Engineers
.
73.
SAE J518
,
Hydraulic Flange Tube, Pipe, and Hose Connections, Four-Bolt Split Flanged Type
;
Society of Automotive Engineers
.
74.
WRC 107
,
Wichman
,
K.
,
Hopper
,
A.
, and
Mershon
,
J.
 (
1979
). “
Local Stresses in Spherical and Cylindrical Shells due to External Loadings
,”
Welding Research Council, Bulletin
107
, New York.
75.
WRC 297
,
Mershon
,
J.
,
Mokhtarian
,
K.
,
Ranjan
,
G.
, and
Rodabaugh
,
E.
 (
1984
). “
Local Stresses in Cylindrical Shells due to External Loadings on Nozzles—Supplement to WRC Bulletin No. 107
,”
Welding Research Council, Bulletin
297
, New York.
You do not currently have access to this chapter.

ASME Journals

ASME Conference Proceedings

ASME eBooks

Resources

Opportunities

  • Crossref Logo
  • Crossref Open Funder Registry Logo
  • Crossref Open Cited-By Logo
  • Crossref Crossmark Logo
  • Crossref Similarity Check Logo
  • Chorus Logo
  • Counter Logo
  • Cope Logo
  • STM Logo
Copyright © 2024 The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Close Modal
This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal
This site uses cookies. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our privacy policy.
Accept