This study investigates rheological effects of blood on steady flows in a nonplanar distal end-to-side anastomosis. The shear-thinning behavior of blood is depicted by a Carreau–Yasuda model and a modified power-law model. To explore effects of nonplanarity in vessel geometry, a curved bypass graft is considered that connects to the host artery with a out-of-plane curvature. Navier–Stokes equations are solved using a finite volume method. Velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) are compared between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids at different flow rates. At low flow rate, difference in axial velocity profiles between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids is significant and secondary flows are weaker for non-Newtonian fluids. At high flow rate, non-Newtonian fluids have bigger peak WSS and WSS gradient. The size of the flow recirculation zone near the toe is smaller for non-Newtonian fluids and the difference is significant at low flow rate. The nonplanar bypass graft introduces helical flow in the host vessel. Results from the study reveal that near the bed, heel, and toe of the anastomotic junction where intimal hyperplasia occurs preferentially, WSS gradients are all very big. At high flow rates, WSS gradients are elevated by the non-Newtonian effect of blood but they are reduced at low flow rates. At these locations, blood rheology not only affects the WSS and its gradient but also secondary flow patterns and the size of flow recirculation near the toe. This study reemphasizes that the rheological property of blood is a key factor in studying hemodynamic effects on vascular diseases.
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October 2008
Research Papers
Rheological Effects of Blood in a Nonplanar Distal End-to-Side Anastomosis
Qian-Qian Wang,
Qian-Qian Wang
Medical Engineering Division, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary,
University of London
, London E1 4NS, UK
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Bao-Hong Ping,
Bao-Hong Ping
Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital,
Southern Medical University
, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Qing-Bo Xu,
Qing-Bo Xu
Vascular Biology Unit
, Department of Cardiology, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
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Wen Wang
Wen Wang
Professor
Medical Engineering Division, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary,
e-mail: wen.wang@qmul.ac.uk
University of London
, London E1 4NS, UK
Search for other works by this author on:
Qian-Qian Wang
Medical Engineering Division, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary,
University of London
, London E1 4NS, UK
Bao-Hong Ping
Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital,
Southern Medical University
, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, China
Qing-Bo Xu
Vascular Biology Unit
, Department of Cardiology, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
Wen Wang
Professor
Medical Engineering Division, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary,
University of London
, London E1 4NS, UKe-mail: wen.wang@qmul.ac.uk
J Biomech Eng. Oct 2008, 130(5): 051009 (9 pages)
Published Online: August 12, 2008
Article history
Received:
August 8, 2007
Revised:
February 18, 2008
Published:
August 12, 2008
Citation
Wang, Q., Ping, B., Xu, Q., and Wang, W. (August 12, 2008). "Rheological Effects of Blood in a Nonplanar Distal End-to-Side Anastomosis." ASME. J Biomech Eng. October 2008; 130(5): 051009. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2948418
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