Stapedial annular ligament (SAL) is located at the end of human ear ossicular chain and provides a sealed but mobile boundary between the stapes footplate and cochlear fluid. Mechanical properties of the SAL directly affect the acoustic-mechanical transmission of the middle ear and the changes of SAL mechanical properties in diseases (e.g., otosclerosis) may cause severe conductive hearing loss. However, the mechanical properties of SAL have only been reported once in the literature, which were obtained under quasi-static condition (Gan, R. Z., Yang, F., Zhang, X., and Nakmali, D., 2011, “Mechanical Properties of Stapedial Annular Ligament,” Med. Eng. Phys., 33, pp. 330–339). Recently, the dynamic properties of human SAL were measured in our lab using dynamic-mechanical analyzer (DMA). The test was conducted at the frequency range from 1 to 40 Hz at three different temperatures: 5 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C. The frequency–temperature superposition (FTS) principle was applied to extend the testing frequency range to a much higher level. The generalized Maxwell model was employed to describe the constitutive relation of the SAL. The storage shear modulus G′ and the loss shear modulus G″ were obtained from seven specimens. The mean storage shear modulus was 31.7 kPa at 1 Hz and 61.9 kPa at 3760 Hz. The mean loss shear modulus was 1.1 kPa at 1 Hz and 6.5 kPa at 3760 Hz. The dynamic properties of human SAL obtained in this study provide a better description of the damping behavior of soft tissues than the classic Rayleigh type damping, which was widely used in the published ear models. The data reported in this study contribute to ear biomechanics and will improve the accuracy of finite element (FE) model of the human ear.
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August 2014
Research-Article
Dynamic Properties of Human Stapedial Annular Ligament Measured With Frequency–Temperature Superposition
Xiangming Zhang,
Xiangming Zhang
School of Aerospace and
Mechanical Engineering and
OU Bioengineering Center,
Mechanical Engineering and
OU Bioengineering Center,
University of Oklahoma
,Norman, OK 73019
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Rong Z. Gan
Rong Z. Gan
1
Professor
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
School of Aerospace and
Mechanical Engineering and
Bioengineering Center,
e-mail: rgan@ou.edu
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
School of Aerospace and
Mechanical Engineering and
Bioengineering Center,
University of Oklahoma
,865 Asp Avenue, Room 200
,Norman, OK 73019
e-mail: rgan@ou.edu
1Corresponding author.
Search for other works by this author on:
Xiangming Zhang
School of Aerospace and
Mechanical Engineering and
OU Bioengineering Center,
Mechanical Engineering and
OU Bioengineering Center,
University of Oklahoma
,Norman, OK 73019
Rong Z. Gan
Professor
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
School of Aerospace and
Mechanical Engineering and
Bioengineering Center,
e-mail: rgan@ou.edu
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
School of Aerospace and
Mechanical Engineering and
Bioengineering Center,
University of Oklahoma
,865 Asp Avenue, Room 200
,Norman, OK 73019
e-mail: rgan@ou.edu
1Corresponding author.
Manuscript received December 10, 2013; final manuscript received April 20, 2014; accepted manuscript posted May 14, 2014; published online June 2, 2014. Assoc. Editor: Guy M. Genin.
J Biomech Eng. Aug 2014, 136(8): 081004 (7 pages)
Published Online: June 2, 2014
Article history
Received:
December 10, 2013
Revision Received:
April 20, 2014
Accepted:
May 14, 2014
Citation
Zhang, X., and Gan, R. Z. (June 2, 2014). "Dynamic Properties of Human Stapedial Annular Ligament Measured With Frequency–Temperature Superposition." ASME. J Biomech Eng. August 2014; 136(8): 081004. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4027668
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