During cryopreservation, ice forms in the extracellular space resulting in freezing-induced deformation of the tissue, which can be detrimental to the extracellular matrix (ECM) microstructure. Meanwhile, cells dehydrate through an osmotically driven process as the intracellular water is transported to the extracellular space, increasing the volume of fluid for freezing. Therefore, this study examines the effects of cellular presence on tissue deformation and investigates the significance of intracellular water transport and cell-ECM interactions in freezing-induced cell-fluid-matrix interactions. Freezing-induced deformation characteristics were examined through cell image deformetry (CID) measurements of collagenous engineered tissues embedded with different concentrations of MCF7 breast cancer cells versus microspheres as their osmotically inactive counterparts. Additionally, the development of a biophysical model relates the freezing-induced expansion of the tissue due to the cellular water transport and the extracellular freezing thermodynamics for further verification. The magnitude of the freezing-induced dilatation was found to be not affected by the cellular water transport for the cell concentrations considered; however, the deformation patterns for different cell concentrations were different suggesting that cell-matrix interactions may have an effect. It was, therefore, determined that intracellular water transport during freezing was insignificant at the current experimental cell concentrations; however, it may be significant at concentrations similar to native tissue. Finally, the cell-matrix interactions provided mechanical support on the ECM to minimize the expansion regions in the tissues during freezing.
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September 2013
Research-Article
Role of Cells in Freezing-Induced Cell-Fluid-Matrix Interactions Within Engineered Tissues
Angela Seawright,
Angela Seawright
1
1Angela Seawright and Altug Ozcelikkale have equally contributed to the present work.
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Altug Ozcelikkale,
Altug Ozcelikkale
School of Mechanical Engineering,
Purdue University
,West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Craig Dutton,
Craig Dutton
Department of Aerospace Engineering,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
,Urbana, IL 61801
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Bumsoo Han
Bumsoo Han
2
School of Mechanical Engineering,
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering,
e-mail: bumsoo@purdue.edu
Purdue University
,West Lafayette, IN 47907
;Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering,
Purdue University
,West Lafayette, IN 47907
e-mail: bumsoo@purdue.edu
2Corresponding author. Present address: 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906.
Search for other works by this author on:
Altug Ozcelikkale
School of Mechanical Engineering,
Purdue University
,West Lafayette, IN 47907
Craig Dutton
Department of Aerospace Engineering,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
,Urbana, IL 61801
Bumsoo Han
School of Mechanical Engineering,
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering,
e-mail: bumsoo@purdue.edu
Purdue University
,West Lafayette, IN 47907
;Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering,
Purdue University
,West Lafayette, IN 47907
e-mail: bumsoo@purdue.edu
1Angela Seawright and Altug Ozcelikkale have equally contributed to the present work.
2Corresponding author. Present address: 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906.
Contributed by the Bioengineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Manuscript received June 19, 2012; final manuscript received April 29, 2013; accepted manuscript posted May 16, 2013; published online July 10, 2013. Assoc. Editor: John Bischof.
J Biomech Eng. Sep 2013, 135(9): 091001 (12 pages)
Published Online: July 10, 2013
Article history
Received:
June 19, 2012
Revision Received:
April 29, 2013
Accepted:
May 16, 2013
Citation
Seawright, A., Ozcelikkale, A., Dutton, C., and Han, B. (July 10, 2013). "Role of Cells in Freezing-Induced Cell-Fluid-Matrix Interactions Within Engineered Tissues." ASME. J Biomech Eng. September 2013; 135(9): 091001. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4024571
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