The excitation mechanism of acoustic resonances has long been recognized, but the industry continues to be plagued by its undesirable consequences, manifested in severe vibration and noise problems in a wide range of industrial applications. This paper focuses on the nature of the excitation mechanism of acoustic resonances in piping systems containing impinging shear flows, such as flow over shallow and deep cavities. Since this feedback mechanism is caused by the coupling between acoustic resonators and shear flow instabilities, attention is focused first on the nature of various types of acoustic resonance modes and then on the aeroacoustic sound sources, which result from the interaction of the inherently unstable shear flow with the sound field generated by the resonant acoustic modes. Various flow-sound interaction patterns are discussed, in which the resonant sound field can be predominantly parallel or normal to the mean flow direction and the acoustic wavelength can be an order of magnitude longer than the length scale of the separated shear flow or as short as the cavity length scale. Since the state of knowledge in this field has been recently reviewed by Tonon et al. (2011, “Aeroacoustics of Pipe Systems With Closed Branches”, Int. J. Aeroacoust., 10(2), pp. 201–276), this article focuses on the more practical aspects of the phenomenon, including various flow-sound interaction patterns and the resulting aeroacoustic sources, which are relevant to industrial applications. A general design guide proposal and practical means to alleviate the excitation mechanism are also presented. These are demonstrated by two examples of recent industrial case histories dealing with acoustic fatigue failure of the steam dryer in a boiling water reactor (BWR) due to acoustic resonance in the main steam piping and acoustic resonances in the roll posts of the Short Take-Off and Vertical Lift Joint Strike Fighter (JSF).
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January 2014
Review Articles
Flow-Excited Acoustic Resonance Excitation Mechanism, Design Guidelines, and Counter Measures
Samir Ziada,
Samir Ziada
1
e-mail: ziadas@mcmaster.ca
1Permanent address: Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
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Philippe Lafon
Philippe Lafon
Laboratoire de Mécanique des Structures
Industrielles Durables (LaMSID),
UMR EDF-CNRS-CEA 8193,
EDF R&D,
Industrielles Durables (LaMSID),
UMR EDF-CNRS-CEA 8193,
EDF R&D,
Clamart
, France
92141
Search for other works by this author on:
Samir Ziada
e-mail: ziadas@mcmaster.ca
Philippe Lafon
Laboratoire de Mécanique des Structures
Industrielles Durables (LaMSID),
UMR EDF-CNRS-CEA 8193,
EDF R&D,
Industrielles Durables (LaMSID),
UMR EDF-CNRS-CEA 8193,
EDF R&D,
Clamart
, France
92141
1Permanent address: Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
Manuscript received September 21, 2012; final manuscript received October 15, 2013; published online December 03, 2013. Editor: Harry Dankowicz.
Appl. Mech. Rev. Jan 2014, 66(1): 010802 (22 pages)
Published Online: December 3, 2013
Article history
Received:
September 21, 2012
Revision Received:
October 15, 2013
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Citation
Ziada, S., and Lafon, P. (December 3, 2013). "Flow-Excited Acoustic Resonance Excitation Mechanism, Design Guidelines, and Counter Measures." ASME. Appl. Mech. Rev. January 2014; 66(1): 010802. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4025788
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