The Study of Gravitational Nozzle Flows by Hodograph Transformations

The effect of gravity on two-dimensional imcompressible potential nozzle flows has been studied using the method of hodograph transformation coupled with numerical computation. It has been demonstrated that although hodograph transformation is an inverse technique, it has the ability to allow curved walls to be prescribed a priori. Calculations have been performed for flows discharging from symmetric nozzles with horizontal lips. The variation of total head versus discharge rate can only be obtained from detailed consideration of the gravitational effect. Some general features of nozzle flows, including the possibility of early flow separation from the top nozzle wall, have been observed.