In Vitro Biocompatibility Study on Stainless Steel 316L After Nano Finishing

In this present study, the nano finishing of stainless steel 316L (SS316L) was obtained by means of magneto rheological abrasive flow finishing (MRAFF) process by varying the amount of current to the electromagnet. The MRAFF process is an advanced machining process in which the metal removal process is effectively controlled by means of the rheological property of the magneto rheological abrasive (MRA) fluid. After the finishing process, the surface roughness profiles and parameter were obtained with the help of Talysurf coherence correlation interferometer (CCI). Stainless steel 316L sample surfaces obtained by means of MRAFF process with different nano roughness values are utilized to study its biocompatibility by an in vitro study to examine the cell viability, proliferation of a fibroblast cell line (NIH-3T3) by means of MTT assay. The optical density (OD) values were utilized to determine the amount of viable cells. The cell proliferations studies were conducted and observed for 1, 3 and 7 days of incubation period with respect to the absorbance value of the samples. The protein adsorption studies are also made by using bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA) kit. The characters of biocompatibility are correlated with the nano scale surface roughness parameters of the SS316L samples.