Stent thrombosis is a major complication that occurs after the placement of stents in the coronary artery through balloon angioplasty. The common treatment for stent thrombosis is to provide patients with anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy through the bloodstream. This study uses numerical modeling to compare two delivery methods of heparin anticoagulant to the arterial wall to reduce thrombus formation: through the flow and via a drug-eluting stent. A unique computational fluid dynamics model is developed that couples an incompressible flow solver with a convection-diffusion-reaction equation solver. The flow solver uses a sharp-interface immersed boundary method on a Cartesian grid to characterize pulsatile flow over the curved wires of the stent. Concurrently, the convection-diffusion-reaction equations are solved for the 19 coupled reactions that make up the coagulation cascade and heparin interactions, as well as reaction and transport equations for both active and inactive platelet species. The simulation is run with input boundary conditions of steady flow, pulsatile Poiseuille flow, and a Womersley flow profile. Results are collected for the bare metal stent case, anticoagulant delivered through the bloodstream, and anticoagulant delivered through a drug-eluting stent. The results generally find that the drug-eluting stent delivery of anticoagulant is more effective in reducing platelet activation and clotting, while also providing a more localized anticoagulant distribution.
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ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
November 13–19, 2015
Houston, Texas, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- ASME
ISBN:
978-0-7918-5738-0
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Coupled Fluid-Chemical Computational Modeling of Anticoagulation Therapies in a Stented Artery
Anirban Ghosh,
Anirban Ghosh
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Jung-Hee Seo,
Jung-Hee Seo
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Rajat Mittal
Rajat Mittal
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Anirban Ghosh
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Jung-Hee Seo
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Rajat Mittal
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Paper No:
IMECE2015-52638, V003T03A050; 15 pages
Published Online:
March 7, 2016
Citation
Ghosh, A, Seo, J, & Mittal, R. "Coupled Fluid-Chemical Computational Modeling of Anticoagulation Therapies in a Stented Artery." Proceedings of the ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering. Houston, Texas, USA. November 13–19, 2015. V003T03A050. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2015-52638
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